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Adam J. Sarty Saint Mary’s University

New Polarization Measurements in Deuteron Photodisintegration in the 275-360 MeV range d(  , p )n. Adam J. Sarty Saint Mary’s University. representing Jackie Glister (SMU & Dalhousie U., PhD student) Guy Ron (Tel Aviv U., PhD student) Ron Gilman (Rutgers U. & Jefferson Lab)

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Adam J. Sarty Saint Mary’s University

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  1. New Polarization Measurementsin Deuteron Photodisintegrationin the 275-360 MeV ranged(  , p )n Adam J. Sarty Saint Mary’s University representing Jackie Glister (SMU & Dalhousie U., PhD student) Guy Ron (Tel Aviv U., PhD student) Ron Gilman (Rutgers U. & Jefferson Lab) Steffen Strauch (U. of South Carolina) Doug Higinbotham (Jefferson Lab) Byungwuek Lee (Seoul National U., PhD student) and the JLab Hall A “LEDEX Collaboration” (JLab experiments E05-103 and E05-004)

  2. The DeuteronKey in Quark/GluonNucleon/Meson connection • A main focus at JLab: • understand the relation / connection between these 2 descriptive paradigms. • Most basic “real nucleus” ( np ): • Simplicity offers hope of shedding light on the connection • Simple reaction process:  dpn • @ High Energies (E  3 GeV): • both d and Polarization appear to show evidence of tx to Quark/Gluon description viaDimensional Scaling (pQCD)

  3. d(,p)n :pQCD-type behaviour as E PRC70 (2004), 014005 d/dt  scale  s11 Py zero cm = 90 K. Wijesooriya et al. (Hall A),PRL 2002

  4. d(,p)n Quark/GluonNucleon/Meson connection? • Is displayed “scaling” behaviour truly a manifestation of quark/gluon d.o.f. (pQCD)? • Lower in excitation energy than pQCD expected to be valid…perhaps can be modeled w/ “traditional” nucleon/meson framework? • To understand: clearly need bestunderstandingpossible of nucleon/meson calculations at low E. Deuteron calculations at low E have been very successful … with one notable exception (30 yr problem!):inability to describe induced polarizationat excitation of few hundred MeV

  5. d(,p)nState of Data/Theories at “Low E” (I) • E = 300 MeV: good description of d and Polarization • Hadronic (N / meson) theories are: Schwamb & Arenhoevel (solid line), Kang et al. (dashed) • Schwamb & Arenhoevel “best”/most-realistic: modern NN potentials, relativistic corrections, channel coupling E = 300 MeV

  6. d(,p)nState of Data/Theories at “Low E” (II)

  7. d(,p)nState of Data/Theories at “Low E” (III) • BUT @ E = 450 MeV: clear disagreement for Pyandstill no data for PXCor PzC E = 450 MeV

  8. d(,p)nState of Data/Theories at “Low E” (III) • And by E = 500 MeV: HUGE disagreement for Py at 90 cm-angle THUS - Our Goal: • Measure high-precision Polarization obs. In 300-400 MeV range • Provide clues as to what hadronic theories are missing (evidenced by Py) Py @ cm = 90 NEW Data taken summer 2006: JLab, Hall ALEDEX (Low Energy Deuteron Experiments)

  9. Goal of New d(,p)n Measurements:Induced Polarization

  10. Goal of New d(,p)n Measurements:Transferred Polarization

  11. d(  , p )nPolarization Observable Definitions “C” circular polarization of photon beam

  12. d(  , p )nExperimental Setup (“LEDEX” 2006)

  13. d(  , p )nFocal Plane Polarimeter (“FPP”) Pztargetfrom component-mixing in HRS spin-transport

  14. d(  , p )nKinematics Table for LEDEX

  15. d(  , p )n ResultsInduced Polarization, Py • Pre-existing world data shown in Blue. Our new results shown in Black (with statistical uncertainties); systematic uncertainty  black strip. • Theory curves are Schwamb & Arenhövel: dashed is more recent (from Schwamb’s habilitation, to appear in Phys. Rep.) and treats interactions in propagating NN system non-perturbatively (as opposed to approximately) • LOWEST ENERGY: E = 277  10 MeVReasonable agreement w/ world-data + theory…theory slight over-predict’n

  16. d(  , p )n ResultsInduced Polarization, Py • Pre-existing world data shown in Blue. Our new results shown in Black (with statistical uncertainties); systematic uncertainty  black strip. • Theory curves are Schwamb & Arenhövel: dashed is more recent (from Schwamb’s habilitation, to appear in Phys. Rep.) and treats interactions in propagating NN system non-perturbatively (as opposed to approximately) • ENERGY BIN #2: E = 297  10 MeV

  17. d(  , p )n ResultsInduced Polarization, Py • Pre-existing world data shown in Blue. Our new results shown in Black (with statistical uncertainties); systematic uncertainty  black strip. • Theory curves are Schwamb & Arenhövel: dashed is more recent (from Schwamb’s habilitation, to appear in Phys. Rep.) and treats interactions in propagating NN system non-perturbatively (as opposed to approximately) • ENERGY BIN #3: E = 317  10 MeV

  18. d(  , p )n ResultsInduced Polarization, Py • Pre-existing world data shown in Blue. Our new results shown in Black (with statistical uncertainties); systematic uncertainty  black strip. • Theory curves are Schwamb & Arenhövel: dashed is more recent (from Schwamb’s habilitation, to appear in Phys. Rep.) and treats interactions in propagating NN system non-perturbatively (as opposed to approximately) • ENERGY BIN #4: E = 337  10 MeV

  19. d(  , p )n ResultsInduced Polarization, Py • Pre-existing world data shown in Blue. Our new results shown in Black (with statistical uncertainties); systematic uncertainty  black strip. • Theory curves are Schwamb & Arenhövel: dashed is more recent (from Schwamb’s habilitation, to appear in Phys. Rep.) and treats interactions in propagating NN system non-perturbatively (as opposed to approximately) • HIGHEST ENERGY: E = 357  10 MeVAgreement gone – data show clear evolution to “inverted shape” wrt theory;NOTE: large underestimate of theory for angles between 60 - 120

  20. d(  , p )n ResultsInduced Polarization, Py ENERGY DEPENDENCE @ cm = 90 • Increase of polarization magnitude (away from theory) shows onset clearly by 337 MeV point • Increase in polarization steeper as f(E) than older data • Green line is theory by Kang et al.

  21. d(  , p )n ResultsInduced Polarization, Py • When viewed on the larger “global” energy scale …Our data can be seen to confirm the “problem” seen in earlier data (and, in fact, show the “problem” to start at lower Energy!) ENERGY DEPENDENCE @ cm = 90

  22. d(  , p )n ResultsTransferred Polarizations, Pxc and Pzc • Reasonable agreement with Schwamb & Arenhövel calculations at lower cm-angles (a little better agreement with older calculations) • Data show “shape change” (relative to predictions) at angle above 50 (albeit this is regime where our systematic errors grow) LOWEST ENERGY: E = 277 MeV

  23. d(  , p )n ResultsTransferred Polarizations, Pxc and Pzc • Pxc clearly shows better agreement with Schwamb & Arenhövel’s older calculations (I’ll come back to this at end) • Pzc has a completely different angular-distribution “shape” than predicted (by either the old or new calculations) HIGHEST ENERGY: E = 357 MeV

  24. d(  , p )n ResultsTransferred Polarizations, Pxc and Pzc • Pxc approaches theory as E increases … interesting since Pxc and Pyare the real and imaginary parts of the same amplitude-combination (and Pydiverges from theory as E increases!) ENERGY DEPENDENCE @ cm = 90 • Pzc has same Edependence as predicted,but it’s magnitude is consistently under-predicted.

  25. d(  , p )nSummary • First: discussion/comparison of results to “old” (NPA 2001) vs. “new” (to appear Phys Rep). Schwamb & Arenhövel calculations: • “Old” calculations having following properties: • parameters fixed/fit to NN-scattering and d(,p)n data (as described earlier in talk) • NN dynamics treated approximately (with a resulting violation of unitarity) • “New” calculations having following properties: • more rigorous “conceptually”: fulfills unitarity to leading order • NN dynamics treated non-perturbatively • fewer parameters to be fixed/fit: parameters fit to simultaneously describe 7 reactions: d(,p)n , d(e,e’p)n, d(,0)d, d(,0)pn, dNN, NN NN, NN NN • SO…newer/better, but much less parameter“freedom”

  26. d(  , p )nSummary (continued) • Confirmedsteep increase in magnitude of induced normal polarization (beyond predictions of standard MB calculations) • rise in Py magnitude seen to start as low as ~330 MeV • Standard MB calculations have rough agreement with new transferred polarizations at the lower energies (<300 MeV); • agreement deteriorates for Pzc as energy goes > 300 MeV • interestingly, agreement improves for Pxc as energy goes up (since Pxc and Py areIm and Re part of same amplitude-combo) • Conjecture for source of discrepancies between data and MB calculations: NN-potentials used are not well-calibrated/precise at the high energies of the FSI in our reaction …

  27. Kinematics Overview (with e-beam polarization = 38-41%):5 bins in E (20 MeV wide), 9 cm settings

  28. d(  , p )nKinematics Overview for LEDEX

  29. d(  , p )nFPP Alignment

  30. d(  , p )nFalse Asymmetry

  31. d(  , p )nMeasured Carbon Analyzing Power (Ac)

  32. d(  , p )nMeasured Carbon Analyzing Power (Ac) New Parameterization Pubished: Glister et al., NIM A (2009)

  33. d(  , p )nMethod of Extracting Polarizations (I)

  34. d(  , p )nMethod of Extracting Polarizations (II)

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