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FOCUS: MITIGATION A glance at post- kyoto

FOCUS: MITIGATION A glance at post- kyoto. Louis Perroy , ClimatEkos 1 September 2011, Vientiane, Lao PDR. MITIGATION A glance at post- kyoto. Programmatic CDM ( Programme Of Activities-POA) Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) Programmatic CDM to NAMAs Green Fund.

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FOCUS: MITIGATION A glance at post- kyoto

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  1. FOCUS: MITIGATIONA glance at post-kyoto Louis Perroy, ClimatEkos 1 September 2011, Vientiane, Lao PDR

  2. MITIGATIONA glance at post-kyoto • Programmatic CDM (Programme Of Activities-POA) • Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) • Programmatic CDM to NAMAs • Green Fund

  3. Programmatic CDM What is pCDM? Many sectors + countries have significant potential untapped Little or no effect on the carbon intensity of the economy Little or no sustainable benefits for many projects • Traditional CDM: • A project by project approach • Emission reductions • from single project activities • in single locations • in certain sectors • in star countries How to make the CDM incentivise GHG emissions reductions throughout entire sectors or large areas?

  4. Framework/programme GHG reducing actions Programmatic CDM What is pCDM? Traditional CDM:One CDM project activity pCDM: One programme + numerous project activities

  5. Programmatic CDM pCDM examples

  6. Programmatic CDM pCDM terminology pCDM=Programmatic CDM PoA= Programme of Activities (most commonly used term for the whole concept) CPA = CDM Programme Activity (a project activities implemented under the Programme) CDM-PoA-DD =Programme of Activities Design Document CDM-CPA-DD =CDM Programme Activity Design Document

  7. Programmatic CDM

  8. Programmatic CDM Why is pCDM so exciting? • Flexibility • Validation + registration of the PoA, along with one sample CPA • Addition of CPAs over time, without validation or new LoAs (“consistency check”) •  No need to know the composition + magnitude of the project ex-ante •  Decreased registration time + transaction costs – see next slides • New opportunities • In underrepresented sectors (esp. where ERs are dispersed in space and time + low ERs/unit  small projects can make big PoAs) – see next slides • In underrepresented countries – see next slides • Allows for replication of successful projects • Step towards NAMAs and sectoral mechanisms

  9. Programmatic CDM Opportunity 1:Extend CDM to micro-activities • PoAs are ideal for CFLs, solar water heaters, cook stoves, household biogas, distributed energy, etc. • Registered PoAs can generate recurring revenues to reduce need for working capital • Over 50% of PoAs in validation cover household sector (<<1% for stand-alone CDM projects) • To date only modest private sector activity in this segment

  10. Project Developer Forum | UNFCCC Technical Workshop, Kiev ??Programmatic CDM Opportunity 2: Bankable CERs under a PoA Under registered RE PoA ~15 months until CDM revenues Low inclusion risk CERs become bankable at financial closure Stand-alone RE projects • >2.5 ys until CDM revenues • Perceived high registration risk • CERs are not bankable at financial closure

  11. REDUCING EMISSIONS - VER TRANSACTION Programmatic CDM in the region

  12. Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) • Voluntary activities for emission mitigation in countries not subject to reduction commitments and another step towards increased mitigation efforts from the developing nations. Twofold objective: • Developed countries promise technical and financial support for related programmes, whereas • developing countries are requested to develop and implement mitigation actions, usually for a whole sector. This can also be seen as. • NAMAs can supplement or incorporate carbon finance activities such as CDM projects, with the practical implications of how to do monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV).)

  13. Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) • NAMAs distinguish between three different types: 1-        Unilateral NAMAs: mitigation actions independently funded and carried out by developing countries. 2-        Supported NAMAs: climate protection measures in developing countries are supported by technical assistance and / or direct funding from Annex I countries. 3-        Credited NAMAs: climate protection measures in developing countries that generate certified emission reduction credits to be sold on the international market. This type is similar to sectoral mechanism. • There is a need to consider which category would suit a given country, and whether a gradual and stepwise approach could be applied progressing from supported to credited to unilateral NAMAs. Advanced developing countries or economies in transition could potentially directly start with credited NAMAs.

  14. Programmatic CDM to NAMAs Step towards NAMAs & sect. mechanisms PoAs establish operational features of NAMA, e.g. • Project identification & inclusion • Program finance • Carbon incentives for individual sites • Monitoring, reporting verification (MRV) Implications for Governments: • Identify national development / GHG mitigation priorities that can be implemented through PoAs • Promote PoAs to learn how to address NAMA challenges • Experiment with implementation models (public, private or PPPs)

  15. Thank You! Louis Perroy Senior Partner and CFO ClimatEkos Louis.perroy@climatekos.com

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