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Monday, April 30, 2012

Monday, April 30, 2012. Agenda Bell Assignment Map of Africa Discussion of Chapter 12 Sections 1 and 2 Rap or Speech for Mansa Musa Test: Thursday, May 3, 2012. Bell Assignment. What do you know about Africa? (At least 5 – 6 sentences). Kingdoms of Africa. Chapter 12 Section 3.

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Monday, April 30, 2012

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  1. Monday, April 30, 2012 Agenda • Bell Assignment • Map of Africa • Discussion of Chapter 12 Sections 1 and 2 • Rap or Speech for Mansa Musa • Test: Thursday, May 3, 2012

  2. Bell Assignment • What do you know about Africa? (At least 5 – 6 sentences)

  3. Kingdoms of Africa Chapter 12 Section 3

  4. Geography of Africa • Africa is the second largest continent. It covers 1/5 of the earth’s land surface. • Because of it’s size, Africa’s geography is greatly varied. • Africa’s geography has rain forests, deserts, and savannas.

  5. Map of Africa

  6. Resources • Not only does Africa have a varied geographical landscape, it has varied resources, too. • Africa has resources such as, salt, gold, iron, copper, diamonds, and oil.

  7. History of Africa • Africa has a rich history. With its varied resources and landscape, it has developed varied cultures with interesting histories. • The earliest cultures of Africa developed near and along the Nile River.

  8. Egyptian and Nubian Kingdoms

  9. Kingdoms of the Nile • The most powerful kingdoms of the Nile are Egypt and Nubia. • Egypt was the most powerful of the two kingdoms, but at one point Nubia conquered Egypt. (There was even a line of Nubian pharaohs!)

  10. New Cultures in Africa • Overtime, Africa was introduced to different cultures, such as Greek (Alexander the Great), Roman, and eventually Islam. • Each culture will add to Africa’s history.

  11. Map of Trade Routes

  12. West Africa: Gold and Salt • Two products dominated the Sahara Trade Route, gold and salt. • Gold was plentiful in West Africa. • Salt was needed by West Africans to prevent dehydration and to preserve meats. • Therefore, West Africans traded salt for gold.

  13. Three Kingdoms of West Africa • There were three powerful kingdoms of West Africa. Each kingdom was conquered by the other. • Ghana • Mali • Songhai • Other smaller kingdoms: • Benin • Hausa

  14. The Kingdom of Mali • The kingdom of Mali was the strongest empire of West Africa. • One of their greatest leaders was Mansa Musa. • Mansa Musa is well known for his spectacular Hajj (a pilgrimage to Mecca). • His pilgrimage showed the wealth of Mali and attracted many scholars and architects, which helped strengthen his empire.

  15. Assignment – 20 min. • Review “The Kingdom of Mali” and “You are There “ sections of your book (pgs. 285 – 286.) • Write a speech welcoming Mansa Musa to your city. Your speech be ¾ - 1 page long and must include the following: • Praise Mansa Musa for his religious devotion • Generosity • Great Power • Recall many of his great achievements

  16. East African Kingdoms - Axum • Religion played a major role in the development of Axum and Ethiopia. • Through trading, Judaism and Christianity became major religions in Axum. • The rulers of Axum created a strong kingdom through trading.

  17. East African Kingdoms - Ethiopia • After the decline of Axum, Ethiopian rulers rose to power. • Christianity became a major religion of Ethiopia, however a smaller group known as Falasaha, practiced Judaism.

  18. Rock Churches of Ethiopia

  19. Rock Churches of Ethiopia

  20. Africa’s East Coast • The trading ports of east Africa helped to create strong ties with Middle Eastern countries. • The trading between East Africa and the Middle East led to the creation of a new language and culture known as Swahili, a language that use both Arabic and African languages.

  21. Great Zimbabwe • Another great kingdom in southern Africa was Great Zimbabwe. • Great Zimbabwe had a trade network that included India and China. Ivory and gold were two popular items. • Great Zimbabwe’s economy depended on trading, which allowed it to become a powerful kingdom.

  22. Great Zimbabwe

  23. Decline of Great Zimbabwe • No one is sure what happened to cause the decline of Zimbabwe, but here are some theories: • Over farming • Civil war • Conquered by a powerful kingdom

  24. Essay Options • 1. Discuss the diversity of Africa. In your essay, include information about Africa’s geography, how people adapted to the geography, government structures, and religious beliefs. • 2. Discuss the gold and salt trade of West Africa. Include your thoughts about how Muslim traders influenced culture of West Africa. • Discuss Great Zimbabwe. Include information about the importance of its economy and theories about its decline.

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