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Arachnida

Arachnida. Spiders, ticks, mites, scorpions. Spider structure. Cephalothorax. Anterior region of the body. Abdomen. Posterior region of the body. Eyes. 8 simple eyes on the cephalothorax. Pedipalps.

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Arachnida

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  1. Arachnida • Spiders, ticks, mites, scorpions

  2. Spider structure

  3. Cephalothorax • Anterior region of the body

  4. Abdomen • Posterior region of the body

  5. Eyes • 8 simple eyes on the cephalothorax

  6. Pedipalps • Foot like appendages used for: feeling, sensing chemicals, holding food, communication and mating

  7. Chelicerae • The fangs for injecting venom – all spiders are carnivores

  8. Sucking stomach • Sucks in liquefied food

  9. Digestive gland • Secretes enzymes to finish digestion

  10. Dorsal heart • Enlarged blood vessel (aorta)

  11. Book lungs • (breathing), opening is on the abdomen

  12. Silk glands and spinnerets • Found on abdomen, used for: wrapping prey, making webs, egg sacs, safety lines, ballooning

  13. Wrapping prey

  14. Spinning a web

  15. Egg sacs

  16. Safety line

  17. Ballooning

  18. Spider reproduction • Male transfers sperm to females seminal receptacle with pedipalps. Later, female releases egg and sperm into egg sac where fertilization occurs.

  19. Spider affects on humans • Positive – controls insect populations

  20. Spider affects on humans • Negative – black widow is most dangerous in U.S., brown recluse is 2nd, hobo spider is 3rd

  21. Spider bites

  22. Goliath Bird-Eating Spider

  23. Other arachnids

  24. Harvestmen (daddy-long-legs) • Not a spider – doesn’t have 2 distinct body regions and doesn’t produce silk or venom

  25. Ticks • Parasites, suck blood from their host

  26. Tick diseases • Lymes disease Muscle ache Stiff neck Migraine Flu like symptoms Fatigue Rash that looks like a “bull’s eye”

  27. Tick diseases • Rocky Mountain spotted fever Fever Nausea Vomiting Loss of appetite Spotted rash

  28. Tick diseases • Bubonic plague Buboes – caused by swollen lymph nodes Gangrene in fingers and toes

  29. Mites • Some do crop damage

  30. Mite diseases • Chiggers – mite larvae that bore into the skin causing severe itching

  31. Scorpions • Sting forward over their head, some are dangerous to humans

  32. Predators • Their pincers are their main weapons which are really extensions of their mouths (pedipalps)

  33. Watch out for the small ones… Arizona Bark Scorpion is the only species in the U.S. that is considered threatening The larger the pincers, the less venom they have

  34. Nocturnal Can easily be seen at night with a black light – exoskeleton causes them to glow

  35. Crustacea • Lobsters, crab, shrimp, crayfish

  36. Non-typical crustaceans • Pill bugs (rollypolly), barnacles, daphnia, cyclops

  37. Zooplankton • Organisms that drift with ocean currents and can’t photosynthesize – most are crustaceans and are VITAL to aquatic systems

  38. Largest Crab • Japanese Spider Crab Leg span of almost 4 meters

  39. Hermit Crab

  40. Coconut Crab known for its ability to crack coconuts with its strong pincers in order to eat the contents

  41. Crayfish structure Red is most common, then blue, then white

  42. Cephalothorax • Anterior body region of a crustacean

  43. Abdomen • Posterior body region of a crustacean

  44. Carapace • Top shell of a crustacean

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