Tuesday, April 22, 2014

1. Tuesday, April 22, 2014 Goal: 10.8.5 Analyze & explain in detail Hitler’s policy of pursuing racial purity & his “Final Solution” In-class: 16.3 The Holocaust Notes Reflection # 4: The Holocaust What 3 things do you know about the Holocaust? You must answer in complete sentences. Homework: School begins at 8:15 tomorrow!!!

2. 16.3 The Holocaust Ms. Wyatt Spring 2014

3. Anti-Semitism • Nazi’s propose new racial order • Aryans—master race of Germanic peoples • All non-Aryans were inferior; especially Jews • Holocaust—mass slaughter of Jews and other groups • Kristallnacht—start of the Holocaust; “Night of Broken Glass”

5. 1935 Nuremburg Laws • Stripped Jews of their German citizenship • Stripped of jobs and property • Banned marriage between Jews and non-Jews • Had to wear the Star of David • Yellow badge

6. “The Jews are our misfortune.”

7. Attempts to Flee • Many tried to flee to Palestine or the US. • Ships left Germany for Cuba—not allowed to unload • Denied access to U.S. • Forced to return to Germany • Half died in camps

8. Ghettos • Hitler will move Jews into Ghettos—segregated Jewish areas • Ghetto—Polish word for neighborhood • Ghettos were then sealed off • Some Jews will form resistance groups • Jews will struggle to keep traditions

9. Police action in the Warsaw ghetto

10. Jewish children in Lodz Ghetto on their way toward transports to Chelmno Death Camp

11. Hitler’s “Final Solution” • Genocide—deliberate and systematic killing of a group of people • Final Solution—kill all Jews in Europe • Death camps (gas chambers) & labor camps • Also sent gypsies, Jehovah’s Witnesses, physically & mentally handicapped • Medical experimentation (Josef Mengele)

13. A Jewish man wearing the yellow star walks along a street in Germany.

14. One of the most famous photos taken during the Holocaust shows Jewish families arrested by Nazis during the destruction of the Warsaw Ghetto in Poland, and sent to be gassed at Treblinka extermination camp.

15. A view of Majdanek, which served as a concentration camp and also as a killing center for Jews.

16. Life in aConcentration Camp A prisoner in Dachau is forced to stand without moving for endless hours as a punishment. He is wearing a triangle patch identification on his chest. A chart of prisoner triangle identification markings used in Nazi concentration camps which allowed the guards to easily see which type of prisoner any individual was.

17. At Belzec death camp, SS Guards stand in formation outside the kommandant's house.

18. Nazis sift through the enormous pile of clothing left behind by the victims of a massacre. (1941)

19. Soviet POWs at forced labor in 1943 exhuming bodies in the ravine at BabiYar, where the Nazis had murdered over 33,000 Jews in September of 1941.

20. Survivors in Mauthausen open one of the crematoria ovens for American troops who are inspecting the camp.

21. A warehouse full of shoes and clothing confiscated from the prisoners and deportees gassed upon their arrival. The Nazis shipped these goods to Germany.

22. A mass grave in Bergen-Belsen concentration camp.

23. Young survivors behind a barbed wire fence in Buchenwald.

24. Between 1939 and 1945 sixmillion Jews were murdered, along with hundreds of thousands of others, such as Gypsies, Jehovah’s Witnesses, disabled and the mentally ill.

25. Mauthausen Concentration Camp Entrance

26. Mauthausen Concentration Camp-Stairs of Death

27. Mauthausen Concentration Camp-Memorial Statue

28. Mauthausen Concentration Camp-Memorial Statue

29. 16 of the 44 children taken from a French children’s home. They were sent to a concentration camp and later to Auschwitz. ONLY 1 SURVIVED A group of children at a concentration camp in Poland.

30. Part of a stockpile of Zyklon-B poison gas pellets found at Majdanek death camp. Before poison gas was used , Jews were gassed in mobile gas vans. Carbon monoxide gas from the engine’s exhaust was fed into the sealed rear compartment. Victims were dead by the time they reached the burial site.

31. Smoke rises as the bodies are burnt.

32. Jewish women, some holding infants, are forced to wait in a line before their execution by Germans and Ukrainian collaborators.

33. A German policeman shoots individual Jewish women who remain alive in the ravine after the mass execution.

34. Portrait of two-year-old Mania Halef, a Jewish child who was among the 33,771 persons shot by the SS during the mass executions at BabiYar, September, 1941.

35. Nazis sift through a huge pile of clothes left by victims of the massacre. Two year old Mani Halef’s clothes are somewhere amongst these.

36. Bales of hair shaven from women at Auschwitz, used to make felt-yarn. After liberation, an Allied soldier displays a stash of gold wedding rings taken from victims at Buchenwald.

37. In 1943, when the number of murdered Jews exceeded 1 million. Nazis ordered the bodies of those buried to be dug up and burned to destroy all traces. Soviet POWs at forced labor in 1943 exhuming bodies in the ravine at Babi Yar, where the Nazis had murdered over 33,000 Jews in September of 1941.

38. “Until September 14, 1939 my life was typical of a young Jewish boy in that part of the world in that period of time. I lived in a Jewish community surrounded by gentiles. Aside from my immediate family, I had many relatives and knew all the town people, both Jews and gentiles. Almost two weeks after the outbreak of the war and shortly after my Bar Mitzvah, my world exploded. In the course of the next five and a half years I lost my entire family and almost everyone I ever knew. Death, violence and brutality became a daily occurrence in my life while I was still a young teenager.” Leonard Lerer, 1991

39. Secondary Source Document “The Ballad of the Doomed Jew of Europe” • You must complete the summary correctly to get credit for the worksheet. All the lines must be filled in, written in normal handwriting • Possible summary ideas to write about (you do not have to use all ideas): • Why did the U.S. not stop the Holocaust? • How do you think Americans felt after learning about the Holocaust? Do you think they felt guilt, sadness, nothing, etc? why? • Was it up to the U.S./ rest of the world to stop the Holocaust? • Genocides still occur today. Is it up to the U.S./rest of the world to stop genocides, or should they stay out of other countries’ business? When should they intervene?