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Malta, 24 th May 2012. Rome, 2010. Contents of the document :. Human action ( developmental paradigm ). Diminishing natural resources. Pollution Climate change. Ecological crisis. A new ecological awareness: What will happen to future generations?
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Humanaction • (developmentalparadigm) • Diminishing natural resources • Pollution • Climatechange Ecological crisis A new ecological awareness: What will happen to future generations? We need a DEVELOPMENT that can be SUSTAINABLE Globalized injustice: some cause the problem, others suffer the consequences Poor people and indigenous peoples are among the most vulnerable
FACTS AND CONSEQUENCES of theecological crisis
WithDIFFERENT RESPONSIBILITIES: Rich countries have emitted 7 out of 10 tons of CO2 since the industrial revolution
WithDIFFERENT CONSEQUENCES: • It is expected an increase of rain in northern latitudes and a decrease in subtropical ones • Warming will probably be higher than the median in Sub-Saharan Africa and in East and Southeast Asia • This will cause significant loses in agriculture, leading to malnourishment. There will be differences between countries. In developed countries production might increase and diminish in developing countries
Ambiguous role of science ? • Difficulty of controlling genetical experiments • It may prevent risks and propose solutions • It is improving and looking for new and cleaner sources of energy The risk of nuclear plants and its radioactive waste • Recycling water is becoming an alternative for the future Toxicity of pesticides used to increase agricultural production • Microorganisms can cause a controlled degradation of wastes Ecological architecture can develop practical solutions Very polluting ways of extracting minerals… SCIENCE CAN CAUSE ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS SCIENCE CAN OFFER SOLUTIONS FOR ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS
That’sallfalks! Global trends: • A new ecological awareness • New geopolitics: emerging countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) • Overlapping crisis: ecological crisis + economic crisis 4) Learning from big natural disasters: • Need of better ecological governance • Need of disasters protocols
SeveralFailures : - Political failure: Enormous economic challenge of reducing greenhouse gases; very difficult consensus and commitments. - SCIENTIFIC limits: The complexity of climate science, which makes difficult to evaluate human impact on it, as well as the speed and risks of global warming. - Confusion at the MEDIA: Deliberate campaigns to confuse the public and discredit the science.
Take care of creation How do we understand “ecology”? • Defend poor and threatened communities and future generations Gratitude • New life styles, no consumerism Justice Spirituality
In the Bible: AT:Creation, a beautiful gift given by God to humanity. NT:Incarnation and Resurrection establish a new relation between God, human beings and creation: • Non utilitarian • “Creation itself will be set free from its bondage to decay and will obtain the freedom of the glory of the children of God”, Romans 8.21
FromFAITHperspective: In theSocial Doctrine of theChurch: “The goods of creation belong to humanity as a whole” (Benedicto XVI, Message for theWorldDay of Peace, 2010. §7) “economy cannot be measured according to the maxim of profit but rather according to the common good of all, that it implies responsibility for others and only really functions well if it functions humanly.” (Benedicto XVI, 18thAugust 2011) ” The environmental crisis and poverty are connected by a complex and dramatic set of causes that can be resolved by the principle of the universal destination of goods, which offers a fundamental moral and cultural orientation. The present environmental crisis affects those who are poorest in a particular way, whether they live in those lands subject to erosion and desertification, are involved in armed conflicts or subject to forced immigration, or because they do not have the economic and technological means to protect themselves from other calamities.” (Compendium of the Social Doctrine of theChurch,2004§482) ” Charity always manifests God's love in human relationships as well, it gives theological and salvific value to all commitment for justice in the world.” (Benedict XVI, EncyclicalletterCaritas in veritate, 2009 §6)
In Jesuit General Congregations: 1980 1983. GC 33. Firstreferencestoecology. 1985 1990 1995 1995. GC 34 (D.20) 1999. Document: We live in a broken world: reflections on ecology. It includes references to the links between ecological crisis and social marginalisation. 2000 2005 2008. GC 35 (D.3, n.18). Reconciliation with creation. 2010 2010. Document: Healing a brokenworld. Secretariado para la Justicia Social y la Ecología.
FromFAITHperspective: - The ecological crisis is seen as a way of: - We are invited to: • DestroyingGod’sgift • Makingpeoplesuffer - Acknowledge the suffer we have caused - Change our attitudes (metanoia) - Become agents of change in the world A “new covenant” between human beings and creation, which is a gift FOR ALL people (from the past, the present and the future), a gift that needs our care.
FromJUSTICE perspective: Towards a restaurativeecologicaljustice: • Reconciliationwithcreation • Establishing a “new covenant”: • BasedonJustice • Promoting new life styles: • Not fostering consumerism • More humane • More beautiful
From the perspective of DIALOGUE WITH CULTURES AND RELIGIONS Cultures express the values of the people. - The “green movement” has promoted: • An ecological awareness in the societies • The protection of numerous ecosystems as national parks…. • The inclusion of ecological concerns in parties’ programs .
From the perspective of DIALOGUE WITH CULTURES and RELIGIONS We can learn from other traditions, because they may offer values for a new relation with the planet. • AFRICAN RELIGIOUS TRADITIONS • show usthevalue of the ancestral land. • In HINDUISM people are askednotto use violence (ahimsa) againstcriatures. • BUDDHISM preaches universal compasion for all beings. • ISLAM invites ustotakecare of creation, becauseitiscreatedbyGod. • TAOISM believesthereexists a principle (tao) thatnurtures, sustains and transformsallbeings.. • ManyINDIGENOUS PEOPLES and traditionalsocietieshave a profoundspiritualitydeveloped in contacttotheirland and theirhistory.
5 Recommendations: 1 Institutions and families are invited to discern and develop more ecologically sustainable management practices and lifestyles
Strengthening projects that promote models of alternative development related to: sustainable agriculture; ecological services and cultural practices concerning forests; providing energy at affordable cost; disaster reduction and climate change adaptation 5 Recommendations: 2 Weare invited to address the effects of the environmental crisis on the poor, marginalised and indigenous peoples. • Promoting a conscious and active citizenship to pressurize governments to adopt necessary bold political decisions.
5 Recommendations: 3 Those in charge of communication and media are invited to develop ways of increasing the awareness and motivation for action: • Involve young people since they are likely to be more open to, and more engaged in, this issue.
5 Recommendations: 4 Higher education institutions, high and primary schools are invited to engage students in transformative education and to explore new themes and areas of interdisciplinary research.
5 Recommendations: 5 Centres of theological reflection, spirituality, social and pastoral works are invited to develop the spiritual sources motivating our commitment and fostering our celebration of creation.
Concrete suggestions: 1 ( ) Examine modes of travel and actively search for alternatives. For example, limiting the use of cars and favouring public transportation and the use of cycles
Concrete suggestions: 2 Applythe3R: Recycle, Reduce, Reuse
Concrete suggestions : 3 Render more sustainable practices of buying food: promote organically grown, local and seasonal fairly traded food Have some vegetarian (meat free) days
Concrete suggestions: 4 If possible, do not use bottled water. Reduce food wastage as much as possible and compost organic kitchen waste
Concrete suggestions: 5 Unplug your electronic devices. Don’t leave them in standby mode.
Concrete suggestions: 6 Examine the tendency to accumulate gadgets; ask always the question: do I really need this item?
Concrete suggestions: 7 Use biodegradable cleaning products, especially if there are problems with waste water treatment
Concrete suggestions: 8 Use paper-based hygiene products made from recycled materials. Use cloth that can be washed rather than thrown away
References Foto: BBC Adaptación y montaje: Juan V. Fernández de la Gala, usando Microsoft PowerPoint . (N.B.: Esta presentación no constituye un documento oficial de la Compañía de Jesús, sino sólo una interpretación personal del documento de PromotioIustitiae “Sanar un mundo herido”, que consta de 74 páginas y puede consultarse on line AQUÍ o descargarse como archivo pdfAQUÍ.)