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The Enlightenment and Great Awakening

Explore how Enlightenment philosophy and the Great Awakening influenced the democratic ideals that shaped the United States, from the Renaissance to the Age of Reason. Discover the impact of key figures like John Locke, Thomas Hobbes, and Rousseau on American history.

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The Enlightenment and Great Awakening

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  1. Lecture 1 The Enlightenment and Great Awakening Standard 11.1.1

  2. Standard 11.1.1 • Describe the Enlightenment and the rise of democratic ideas as the context in which the nation was founded • Essential Question: Describe the Enlightenment and explain how these philosophies gave rise to the democratic ideals that shaped the United States

  3. Picture Your Explanation Definition Term • Enlightenment • Renaissance • Reformation • John Locke • Thomas Hobbes • Montesquieu • Rousseau • Scientific Revolution • Great Awakening

  4. Middle Ages • When the Roman Empire fell, two groups filled the void • Power • the Roman Catholic Church • aristocrats • “Logic” was forgotten as society fell apart (people=ignorant) • Important=afterlife

  5. Changes in Thought • Trade/Travel • The Renaissance • “Rebirth” of the Greco-Roman Classics • Reformation • Martin Luther V. Catholic Church • Scientific Revolution • Emphasis on Logic and Reason

  6. THE ENLIGHTENMENT Age of Reason  Reaches its height in mid-1700’s Influenced by Scientific Revolution Belief in progress  throughreason, a better society was possible

  7. Rousseau Social Contract Direct Democracy Thomas Hobbes Strong Central Government People were Weak and Selfish Diderot Encylopedea ENLIGHTENMENT John Locke Natural Rights: Life, Liberty, and The Pursuit of Property Divine Right??? Montesquieu 3 Branches of Government Separation of Powers

  8. So… • The Renaissance Reformation Scientific Revolution Enlightenment • Caused the American Revolution • Founding Fathers borrowed ideas • Jefferson, Franklin, Madison, Adams, Paine Major Ideas natural rights Gov. by consent separation of powers separation of church state “We the people…”

  9. Religious Freedoms • Revival of religion in the American colonies • Religious Freedom • Many of the first colonists came to America for religious freedom • Pilgrims & Puritans in New England • Catholics in Maryland • Quakers in Pennsylvania • The Church controlled every part of these peoples’ lives • only members of congregations could vote • Attendance was mandatory • Genuinely concerned about religion • Stressed about their eternal salvation • Their children & grandchildren were less devout • church attendance dropped

  10. The Great Awakening~ 1740s • Jonathan Edwards~ emphasized the dependence people had on God to be saved • HELL • membership & # of churches • Churches split apart • new style preaching (the New Lights) • older-style preaching (the Old Lights) • Separate schools • Power of Churches • Competition/movement of people…

  11. Impact of the Enlightenment & the Great Awakening • Great Awakening emphasized emotion • Enlightenment emphasized logic • Both caused people to question traditional authority • By stressing the importance of the individual • The Enlightenment ~ human reason • Great Awakening ~ de-emphasizing the role of church authority. • Influenced the colonists to question Britain’s authority over their lives • Made us different than the English • Americans first, subjects of England second

  12. Double Bubble Map Great Awakening Enlightenment

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