Lesson 5.1: The Great Awakening and the Enlightenment

1. Lesson 5.1: The Great Awakening and the Enlightenment Today we will explain how the Great Awakening and the Enlightenment caused revolutionary feelings to grow in the colonies.

2. Vocabulary • explain – give reasons for • denomination – specific religious group • authority – power to command • intellectual – having to do with the ability to think or to reason

3. Check for Understanding • What are we going to do today? • What does it mean to explain? • What are some religious denominations you’ve heard about? • Who has the most authority in your home? • Why would someone be described as ‘intellectual’?

4. What We Already Know In Europe, people believed in the divine right of kings, which meant that kings got their power to rule directly from God.

5. What We Already Know Many of the first colonists to settle in North America were very religious and came here seeking the freedom to worship God as they chose.

6. What We Already Know By the early 1700s, ideas from the Renaissance and the Scientific Revolution were changing the way people saw the world, themselves, and their governments.

7. A tell B • What did European kings believe about where their right to rule came from? • Be sure to re-state the question in your response!

8. B tell A • Why did many of the first colonists come to America? • Be sure to re-state the question in your response!

9. The Great Awakening . . . • was a religious movement. • began because religious leaders feared that colonists had lost their religious excitement. • stressed religious emotion over religious behavior. • encouraged ideas of equality and the importance of the individual over the authority of the church. • inspired a sense of nationalism among the colonists.

10. A tell B • How did the Great Awakening affect church attendance? • Be sure to re-state the question in your response!

11. Get your whiteboards and markers ready!

12. 1. What was the Great Awakening? Choose all that are true!

13. 1. What was the Great Awakening? • It created a new sense of morality and a new interest in religion. • It caused church congregations to split apart and new denominations to be formed. • It led to the closing of several colleges. • It stressed religious emotion over religious behavior. • It led colonists to question authority, even that of Parliament and the king. • It was a philosophical movement that emphasized science and reason. • It inspired a sense of nationalism among the colonists. Choose all that are true!

14. 2. Why did religious leaders see a need for the Great Awakening? • People were neglecting their personal relationship with God. • Christians were banning African Americans and Native Americans from their churches. • Many colonists seemed to have lost their religious passion. • Too many churchgoers were challenging the authority of their ministers. Choose all that are true!

15. Major Figures of the Great Awakening Jonathan Edwards was a preacher who terrified his listeners with images of God’s anger unless they were saved.

16. Major Figures of the Great Awakening George Whitefield was a well-known preacher who raised thousands of dollars for an orphans’ home.

17. Impact of the Great Awakening on the Colonies • Caused disputes and divisions among denominations • New denominations created, some of which accepted women, blacks and Native Americans • Religious colleges like Princeton and Brown founded to train ministers • Encouraged people to question authority, first of the church and later the British government

18. Get your whiteboards and markers ready!

19. 3. How did the Great Awakening contribute to the Revolutionary War? • It inspired a sense of nationalism among the colonists. • It discouraged criticism of established authority. • It demonstrated that God was on the side of the colonists. • It gave Englishmen a sense of superiority over their European neighbors.

20. The Enlightenment . . . • was an intellectual movement that emphasized reason and science. • was based on the belief in natural laws that controlled how the universe worked. • scholars believed natural laws should be the basis of all government. • taught that individuals have natural rights.

21. Major Figures of the Enlightenment Benjamin Franklin was a famous American inventor and political thinker.

22. Major Figures of the Enlightenment Charles-Louis Montesquieu was a French nobleman who proposed a three-branch government to limit the power of the government.

23. Major Figures of the Enlightenment John Locke was an English philosopher who argued that governments get their power to rule from the people.

24. Locke argued that people have natural rights to life, liberty, and property. • People create governments to protect their natural rights, he claimed. • If a government fails in this duty, people have the right to change it. • Locke’s ideas challenged the belief that kings had a God-given right to rule.

25. B tell A • According to Enlightenment thinkers, where did governments get their authority to rule? • Be sure to re-state the question in your response!

26. Impact of the Enlightenment on the Colonies • Made colonists begin to see the British government differently • Led colonists to believe that governments should protect their natural rights, which came from God’s natural laws • Encouraged people to question the authority of the government

27. Get your whiteboards and markers ready!

28. 4. What was the Enlightenment? • A philosophical movement that emphasized science and reason • Belief in natural laws that govern the universe • Ideas drawn from Christianity, the Renaissance, and the Reformation • Support for the God-given right of kings to rule • Opposed in the colonies by Benjamin Franklin Choose all that are true!

29. 5. What ideas did John Locke have about government? • It is the duty of every government to protect their citizens' rights. • All people are created equal, regardless of race, religion, sex, or nationality. • The people have a right to change its government if it fails in its duty. • Kings do not have a God-given right to rule. Choose all that are true!

30. 6. What Enlightenment ideas led the colonies to break away from England?

31. 6. What Enlightenment ideas led the colonies to break away from England? • It encouraged them to change their government if it fails to protect their natural rights. • It helped them see how helpful an alliance with France could be. • It led them to demand that the English king divide his powers of government into three branches, as Montesquieu suggested. • It caused them to believe that independence was part of God’s plan for America.