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Label each cell membrane component A - E

Label each cell membrane component A - E. Functions of membrane components. Foundations in Biology. Block 1A – 2.5 Biological membranes Cell signalling. Spec. Cell signalling. Learning Objectives. Success Criteria. Explain the term cell signalling (Grade D – C)

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Label each cell membrane component A - E

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  1. Label each cell membrane component A - E

  2. Functions of membrane components

  3. Foundations in Biology Block 1A – 2.5 Biological membranes Cell signalling

  4. Spec

  5. Cell signalling Learning Objectives Success Criteria Explain the term cell signalling (Grade D – C) Explain the role of membrane-bound receptors as sites where hormones and drugs can bind (Grade C –B) Describe examples of hormones and drugs as messenger molecules (Grade B – A) • Explain the role of cell signalling and membrane-bound receptors

  6. What is cell signalling? Cells need to communicate with each other to control processes inside the body and to respond to changes in the environment. This is known as cell signalling. Cells can signal to each other by direct contact or via messengers. • However, most messengers are unable to directly cross the membrane and must bind to membrane-bound receptors. • Cell signalling starts when one cell releases a messenger molecule (hormone). • Molecule travels to another cell (target cell), it’s detected because it binds to a receptor (complementary shape) on it’s cell membrane. • 3. The binding triggers a change in the cell (series of chemical signals is set off)

  7. What are transmembrane receptors? Many membrane-bound receptors are integral proteins, and are often called transmembrane receptors. These receptors have three main parts, or domains. • Extracellular domain • Transmembrane domain • Intracellular domain

  8. Types of transmembrane receptors There are many types of transmembrane receptors, including: • G protein-coupled receptors, such as those for dopamine and serotonin (neurotransmitters), adrenaline and noradrenaline (hormones), and chemicals involved in inflammation. • Ligand-gated ion channels, such as those for the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. • Metabotropic receptors, such as those for the neurotransmitter glutamate.

  9. Transmembrane receptors

  10. Exam practice • State what is meant by cell signalling. (1 mark) 2) Explain how cell surface membranes contribute to the process of cell signalling In your answer you should use appropriate technical terms, spelt correctly (4 marks)

  11. Hormones as messenger molecules Hormones work by binding to receptors in cell membranes and triggering a response in the cell Glucagon – hormone released when there is insufficient glucose in the blood. It binds to receptors on liver cells, causing liver cells to break down glycogen stores FSH – Hormone released by pituitary gland during the menstrual cycle. It binds to receptors on cells in ovaries, causing an egg to mature for ovulation

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