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Parts of an insect

Common Insect Orders Adapted from Berkeley Natural History Museums lesson “A Quick Way to Identify Common Insect Orders”. Insects are the most species-rich group of organisms on earth as indicated in this species-scape. The size of the organism reflects the number of described species.

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Parts of an insect

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  1. Common Insect OrdersAdapted from Berkeley Natural History Museums lesson “A Quick Way to Identify Common Insect Orders”

  2. Insects are the most species-rich group of organisms on earth as indicated in this species-scape. The size of the organism reflects the number of described species.

  3. Parts of an insect

  4. Parts of an insect Abdomen Head Thorax

  5. Parts of an insect Abdomen Head Thorax 3 pairs of legs

  6. Parts of an insect Abdomen Head Thorax Wings and legs on thorax 3 pairs of legs

  7. Important areas to study to identify common insect orders Abdomen Head Thorax 3 pairs of legs

  8. mandibles Mouthparts: Chewing mandibles

  9. Mouthparts: Sucking Coiled Piercing Sponging-sucking

  10. Orthoptera (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids)Greek "ortho" = straight, "ptera" = wing Spot ID • Jumping legs • parallel-sided structure of front wings

  11. Orthoptera (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids)Greek “orthos” = straight, “pteros” = wing

  12. Orthoptera (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids)

  13. Orthoptera (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids) Spot ID • Jumping hind legs

  14. Orthoptera (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids) Spot ID • Jumping hind legs • Some with ovipositor at hind end

  15. Coleoptera(beetles)Greek “koleos”= sheath, “ptero”= wing

  16. Coleoptera(beetles)

  17. Coleoptera(beetles) Spot ID • Chewing mouthparts

  18. Coleoptera(beetles) Spot ID • Chewing mouthparts • Forewings (elytra) form hard shell covering hindwings

  19. Lepidoptera(butterflies, moths)Greek “lepido”= scale, “ptero”= wing

  20. Lepidoptera(butterflies, moths)Greek “lepido”= scale, “ptero”= wing • Coiling-sucking mouthparts

  21. Lepidoptera(butterflies, moths)Greek “lepido”= scale, “ptero”= wing • Coiling-sucking mouthparts • Four wings covered with scales

  22. Diptera(flies)Latin “di”= two, “ptero”= wing

  23. Diptera(flies)Latin “di”= two, “ptero”= wing Spot ID • Two wings

  24. Diptera(flies)Latin “di”= two, “ptero”= wing Spot ID • Two wings • Hind wings reduced to halteres

  25. Diptera(flies)Latin “di”= two, “ptero”= wing Spot ID • Two wings • Hind wings reduced to halteres • Sponging-sucking mouthparts • Except mosquitoes and some others that pierce skin

  26. Diptera(flies)Latin “di”= two, “ptero”= wing

  27. Hymenoptera(bees, wasps, ants)Greek “hymen”=membrane, “ptero”=wingor Hymen, the Greek god of marriage because the forewing & hindwings are joined together with small hooks Hooks not shown

  28. Hymenoptera(bees, wasps, ants)

  29. Hymenoptera(bees, wasps, ants) Spot ID • Chewing mouthparts

  30. Hymenoptera(bees, wasps, ants) Spot ID • Chewing mouthparts • Four membranous wings

  31. Hymenoptera(bees, wasps, ants) Spot ID • Chewing mouthparts • Four membranous wings • Waist often constricted

  32. Hymenoptera(bees, wasps, ants) Spot ID • Chewing mouthparts • Four membranous wings • Waist often constricted • Females with ovipositor or stinger at end of abdomen

  33. Hemiptera(true bugs, also sometimes called Heteroptera)Greek “hemisys” = half, “ptero” = wing

  34. Hemiptera(true bugs)Greek “hemisys” = half, “ptero” = wing Spot ID • A beak: piercing-sucking mouthparts

  35. Hemiptera(true bugs)Greek “hemisys” = half, “ptero” = wing Spot ID • A beak: piercing-sucking mouthparts • Forewings covering hindwings • Wing half membrane, half thickened

  36. Homoptera(hoppers, aphids, scales, cicadas)Greek “homo” = uniform, “ptero” = wing Spot ID • A beak: piercing-sucking mouthparts • Forewings covering hindwings • Wings all membranous

  37. Homoptera(hoppers, aphids, scales, cicadas)Greek “homo” = uniform, “ptero” = wing Some entomologists now combine Order Homoptera with Order Hemiptera because the DNA has been found to be similar. In this case, Homoptera would be considered a suborder.

  38. Dermaptera(earwigs)Greek “derma” = skin, “ptero” = wing

  39. Dermaptera(earwigs)Greek “derma” = skin, “ptero” = wing Spot ID • Long skin-like hindwings folded under very short forewings

  40. Dermaptera(earwigs)Greek “derma” = skin, “ptero” = wing Spot ID • Long skin-like hindwings folded under very short forewings • Pinchers off end of abdomen

  41. Greek “odon” = tooth (referring to teeth on their mandibles) Odonata (dragonflies, damselflies)

  42. Odonata (dragonflies, damselflies)

  43. Odonata (dragonflies, damselflies) Spot ID • Long slender wings

  44. Odonata (dragonflies, damselflies) Spot ID • Long slender wings • Long thin body

  45. Isoptera(termites) Greek "iso" = equal, "ptera" = wings Spot ID • Pale, elongate body • 2 pairs of membranous wings of equal length only present in reproductives and shed after mating • Mandibulate (chewing) mouthparts • Antennae about the same length as the head • Sometimes now classified with Blattodea because their DNA suggests that they are specialized roaches

  46. Blattodea (roaches)Latin “blatta” = cockroach

  47. Blattodea (roaches)

  48. Blattodea (roaches) Spot ID • Flat

  49. Blattodea (roaches) Spot ID • Flat • Spiny legs

  50. Blattodea (roaches)Also called Blattaria, Greek “Blatta” = cockroach Spot ID • Flat • Spiny legs • Long antennae

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