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Explore the historical, economic, and political developments of Korea from the 1870s to the 2000s. Learn about the Japanese invasion, Korean War, economic miracle, Confucian society, and postwar governance. Discover the key events and factors that shaped modern Korea.
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Korean development, from the 1870s to the 2000s Originally created by Eun Young “Lisa” Lee, 2005, for PSC 303: International Relations. Further developed by Dr. Jeremy Lewis, Political Science Dept., Huntingdon College, Jan-Feb. 2011
Map of the Far Eastshowing Korean peninsula in center, China to North, Russia to North –east, and Japanese islands to South-east & East
Harsh Repression, 1900-1919:executions and abductions of slaves
Declaration of Independence, revolt against Japanese occupation
Comfort Womenforced prostitution of 40,000 women by Japanese
38th Parallelthere was little to restrain the massed Northern army
South Korean economic rebirth: the Miracle of Han river, 1953-2003
Seoul: modern metropolis,9m pop., 25m metropolitan area, 48m nation
The Residential Area of Seoulhigh density housing, rapid growth, but still vulnerable
The modern Korean economy, society & politics • Additions by Jeremy Lewis, PhD, 1 Feb. 2011 • Images of development • Confucian society • Economic miracle • Political development • Security issues • Intermestic issues
Infrastructure greatly developed • Airports: Kimpo & new at Incheon • Subway system highly developed • Prestige projects: stadiums • Highways • Railways • Internet
Confucian society • Striking features of culture: • Homogenous population (99%) • Education, strong in science, OECD PISA test • respect for elders, including boss • orderly society, low crime, evening walks • Equality, school uniforms • Saturday school supported by families • work ethic • extended families supportive of children
Historical legacy • History of invasions, self reliance • Architecture destroyed by wars & fires • Japanese influence (buildings & names) rejected • Distrust of Chinese and Japanese • Longing for reunification • Ambivalence about US occupation • Trading with Europeans (not invaders)
The modern South Korean economy: • Chaebols organization, conglomerates • High savings and reinvestment rate • Heavy & medium engineering • Locomotives, cars, ships, buildings • Hyundai, Daewoo • Electronic engineering • Microwaves, cell phones (ranked 2 & 3) • Samsung, Lucky Goldstar (LG) • Possible development of tourism?
Postwar governance, ROK • Rhee Syngman replaced UN occupation • Support from forces & KCIA • Economic development with limited political expression • 1950s-1990s, united by N.Korean threat • Assassinations: ministers, Mrs. Park, Park • 1994-96: students’ agitation for democracy • 1996: Kim Young Sam heads democracy