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ICTs for Development

ICTs for Development. Yoshio Utsumi ex-Secretary General International Telecommunication Union. Personal Profile. Born in 1942 Academic Background Univ. of Tokyo LLB Univ. of Chicago MA Political Science

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ICTs for Development

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  1. ICTs for Development Yoshio Utsumi ex-Secretary General International Telecommunication Union Yoshio Utsumi

  2. Personal Profile • Born in 1942 • Academic Background • Univ. of Tokyo LLB • Univ. of Chicago MAPolitical Science • Worked for Japanese Gov. Mostly engaged in telecommunication policy and regulation • Postmaster General • Deputy Minister of Ministry of Posts & Telecom • Secretary General of ITU (1999-2006) • President of JTEC (at present) Yoshio Utsumi

  3. ITU • A United Nations specialized agency • The oldest international organization established in 1865 • Allocate global radio spectrum and satellite orbits • Develop the technical standards that ensure networks and technologies seamlessly interconnect • Strive to improve access to ICTs to underserved communities worldwide Yoshio Utsumi

  4. 1856International Telegraph Convention Yoshio Utsumi 4

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  6. History of ITU 1856International Telegraph Convention 1906International Radiotelegraph Convention 1932International Telecommunication Union 1947 a Specialized Agency of UN 1999-2006 Secretary General /Yoshio Utsumi Yoshio Utsumi 6

  7. UN Specialized Agencies • Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) 1945 • International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) 1947 • International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) 1977 • International Labour Organization (ILO) 1917 • International Maritime Organization (IMO) 1948 • International Monetary Fund (IMF) 1946 • International Telecommunication Union (ITU) 1865 • United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) 1946 • United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) 1967 • Universal Postal Union (UPU) 1874 • World Bank Group 1946 • International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) • International Finance Corporation (IFC) • International Development Association (IDA) • World Health Organization (WHO) 1948 • World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) 1892 • World Meteorological Organization (WMO) 1873 • World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) 1925 Yoshio Utsumi

  8. What I was involved in • In Japan • Liberalization of Telecommunication Market • Introduction of competition • Privatization of NTT public corporation • Promotion of ICTs • Creation of tax incentives • Creation of low interest rate public loans • Creation of local ICT projects • Creation of a research institution (ATR), etc Yoshio Utsumi

  9. What I was involved in • In the World • Agreement of WTO basic telecom negotiation • Agreement of 3G • Advancement of IP Telephony • Agreement of Digitalization of TV by 2015 • Organization of WSIS • Commitment by the world leaders for the Information Society • Internationalization and democratization of the management of Internet Yoshio Utsumi

  10. Why WSIS? • ICTs are • Prerequisites for the modern life • Means to leapfrog the development process • Means for self-help development • Of no need of big investments • Eco friendly Yoshio Utsumi

  11. WSIS Objectives • Enlightenment • Draw attention of the world top leaders • Commitments by the world leaders • Multi-stakeholders approach • Stock-taking Yoshio Utsumi

  12. WSISWorld Summit on the Information society Thematic Meeting Tunis Summit Thematic Meeting Thematic Meeting Regional Meeting Prep-com Geneva Summit Regional Meeting Prep-com Prep-com Prep-com Prep-com Prep-com Prep-com Prep-com Prep-com Regional Meeting Regional Meeting Regional Meeting Regional Meeting Yoshio Utsumi 12

  13. WSIS　Ｇｅｎｅｖａ Yoshio Utsumi 13

  14. What I have witnessed • Development of cell phones only in urban areas • Widely established policies are easily chosen without taking into consideration of the specificity of a community. • Interests of the people are ranked lower. • The best policies for the people are rarely taken. Yoshio Utsumi

  15. Policies of WB for Telecom • “Liberalization of telecom is the best, and only way for the development of telephone in developing countries.” • WB urges developing countries to follow the policy. Not the best result, however, highly appreciated Yoshio Utsumi

  16. Failures of Africa • Urged competition in urban areas → Poor services for rural areas → No development of local industry • Urged regulation by an independent commission →A commission for everything →No expertise Yoshio Utsumi

  17. Cases of Latin America • Experienced policy makers • Good examples of neighboring countries → Moderate introduction of competition → Creation of universal service fund Yoshio Utsumi

  18. Expected Objectives • Early penetration of telecommunications • By liberalization of market • By foreign capital • Low tariff • By competition • By regulation • Development of telecom in rural areas • By universal fund • Development of local related industries • By controlling of foreign capitals • By incentives, education, etc. Yoshio Utsumi

  19. Reasons for Japan’s Telecom Liberalization • Finished the construction of the network • To support the restructuring of corrupted National Railway • Abuses of the monopoly, NTT • For the utilization of computers • × For new comers • × For lower tariffs • × For the varieties of services Yoshio Utsumi

  20. Reasons for wrong policies • Interests of big states and global enterprises → Laissez-faire and free competition • Lack of knowledge and expertise → Use of consultants • Personal interests → Follow visible and invisible big powers Yoshio Utsumi

  21. Lessons • Learn experiences of other countries • Not follow the advice of consultants • Not easily follow the advice of WB • Enlighten decision makers, get followers

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  27. Advice for High Gov. Officials • Power is only the beginning. • No good causes, no good works. • A man alone can do nothing. • Ask yourself, “Which is the best for the people?” • Your life is only once. Yoshio Utsumi

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  33. Thank you very much Yoshio Utsumi 33

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