“A REVOLUTION IN INDUSTRY”

1. Chapter 12 Section 1 “A REVOLUTION IN INDUSTRY”

2. 1789 – Slater arrives from Britain and builds the first spinning jenny • This began America’s Industrial Revolution. • Industrial Revolution- the shift of production from hand tools to machines from homes to factories. Industrial revolution in the u.s.

3. SpiNningJenNy

4. Eli Whitney’s invention of the cotton gin in 1793 • Led to increased production of cotton that mills needed • Made it a cash crop • cleaned 50 times as much cotton in a day than a worker could by hand. Eli Whitney’s cotton gin

5. The Cotton Gin

6. Before the cotton gin, slaves picked out seeds out of raw cotton • It was slow work, planters said that they could not make a profit growing cotton COTTON KINGDOM

7. Now they could • Southern farmers moved westward, looking for new lands to plant in cotton. • Slavery became an important part of the new “cotton kingdom”. Cotton Kingdom

8. In the late 1790’s Eli Whitney pioneered mass production. • Mass production- using machines to make goods faster and cheaper than could be made by hand. • Used interchangeable parts Spurring industrial growth

9. The federal government helped American business grow. • Congress created a new national bank which gave out loans to businesses and passed a protective • Protective tariff- a tax placed on imported goods • Why do you issue a protective tariff? The Growth of business

10. Chapter 12 section 2 “New Forms Of Transportation”

11. Transportation in the North • 1806 National Road – ran across the Appalachian Mountains • First federally funded roads • Monroe vetoes bill in 1816 for more roads

12. Ships and Canals • Steamboat by Fulton • 1817 – Erie Canal • 363 miles • Hudson River to Lake Erie • First all water link between Central farms and East Coast cities

13. Robert Fulton

14. The Clermont

15. Dewitt Clinton

16. Rails in the North • Steam-powered locomotives • Laying tracks in the 1840s is the biggest business in the North • By 1860, more than 20,000 miles of rail existed

17. Transporting in the South • Shipped mostly by rivers • Steam powered river boats • Cotton is loaded directly there • Causes cities to pop up along waterways • Rails in 1860: 10,000 in the South