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Mitosis & Meiosis Thurs 10/10/13

Mitosis & Meiosis Thurs 10/10/13. finish digestion end of lecture outline on “Role of Macromolecules” posted online; cover on your own Chromosomes & DNA homologous chromosomes / sister chromatids Cell cycle Mitosis - cellular division growth & repair

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Mitosis & Meiosis Thurs 10/10/13

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  1. Mitosis & Meiosis Thurs 10/10/13 • finish digestion • end of lecture outline on “Role of Macromolecules” posted online; cover on your own • Chromosomes & DNA • homologous chromosomes / sister chromatids • Cell cycle • Mitosis - cellular division • growth & repair • Meiosis - sexually reproducing species • production of gametes (eggs & sperm)

  2. Mitosis: process of cellular division • Meiosis: • special type of cell division

  3. Terminology: • Chromosomes • 46 in each body cell - EXCEPT gametes • diploid - • haploid - • 22 pairs of homologous chromosomes (autosomes) • 1 pair of • duplication of DNA -- • sister chromatids

  4. Humans have 22 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex chromosomes. • karyotype: • chromosomes are in

  5. Chromosomes: page 84 • ~40% DNA & 60% proteins • contains genes • 23 pairs of chromosomes (46) • each member • duplication of chromosomes prior to cell division

  6. GENES

  7. DNA replication necessary prior to cell division • Replication of DNA • unzip strands • precise copying

  8. Cell Cycle: mitosis • normal • cell divides • some will • some go off and carry out • cancer – fig 5.4

  9. Mitosis - cell division Fig 5.5 fig 9.2

  10. Meiosis: formation of gametes • adults - • gametes (egg & sperm) • fertilization • fertilized ovum fig5.14 • growth & development

  11. Meiosis: • DIPLOID organisms - • homologous pairs • providing each daughter cell • when gametes fuse fig 5.8 • will go through stages in lab • learn the sequence & importance of the events • will not test on specific names of stages

  12. The Process of Meiosis: Meiosis I diploid ---> haploid: h fig.15.9

  13. The Process of Meiosis: Meiosis II haploid ---> • cells have • chromosomes • sister chromatids • sister chromatids • total • daughter cells fig.15.12

  14. Sources of Genetic Variation: • Crossing over during Meiosis I • exchange of alleles • swapping of the fig5.10 • alleles

  15. Sources of Genetic Variation: • independent assortment of chromosomes during meiosis I figure15.11

  16. Sources of Genetic Variation: • Independent assortment • Random Fertilization! • 8+ million possible • 8+ million possible

  17. Key Events in Meiosis:

  18. Mitosis vs. Meiosis • Mitosis • Meiosis Be comfortable with figure5.13

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