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2 - Meosis/Mitosis 27- Genetics/Heredity 65- DNA 84- Protein Synthesis 99- Evolution 128-Ecology

2 - Meosis/Mitosis 27- Genetics/Heredity 65- DNA 84- Protein Synthesis 99- Evolution 128-Ecology 179-Bacteria 194-Viruses 201- THE END. MITOSIS/MEOSIS. What is the purpose of mitosis? . For repair/growth and reproduction. What is the amount chromosomes are in mitosis?.

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2 - Meosis/Mitosis 27- Genetics/Heredity 65- DNA 84- Protein Synthesis 99- Evolution 128-Ecology

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  1. 2-Meosis/Mitosis • 27-Genetics/Heredity • 65-DNA • 84- Protein Synthesis • 99-Evolution • 128-Ecology • 179-Bacteria • 194-Viruses • 201- THE END

  2. MITOSIS/MEOSIS

  3. What is the purpose of mitosis?

  4. For repair/growth and reproduction

  5. What is the amount chromosomes are in mitosis?

  6. What are the similarities and differences of Mitosis and Meiosis?

  7. Differences • Haploid vs. diploid genetic info • 2 identical vs. 4 different daughter cells • Similarities • -Both go through • IPMAT

  8. MitosisSteps?

  9. Meiosis Steps?

  10. Steps for Meiosis:P(I) M (I)A (I)T (I)CYTOKENESISPIIMIIAIITIICYTOKINESIS

  11. What is a karyotype?

  12. Chromosomes of an individual are lined up as pairs from largest to the smallest • It tells us about an individual’s sex and any chromosomal disorders

  13. Male sex cells Vs. Female sex cells

  14. XX – female XY – male

  15. What is mutation?

  16. The process in which such a change occurs in a gene or in a chromosome.

  17. 3 different types of disorders caused by meiosis complications…

  18. 1- Turner Syndrome – missing an X chromosome (affects girls)2 – Klinefelter Syndrome - additional X chromosome (affects boys)3-Down Syndrome – extra 21st chromosome (boys + girls)

  19. An Allele?

  20. Both mom and dad donate this trait to their offspring.

  21. Difference between diploid and haploid?

  22. Diploid = double the genetic information when 2 haploid cells join to form a ZYGOTE Haploid = half the genetic information (sex cell)

  23. What are sex cells?

  24. Gametes – half the normal number of chromosomes for the particular species

  25. GENETICS/HEREDITY

  26. Who was Gregor Mendel

  27. “Father of Modern Genetics” • Founded the study of heredity 

  28. Phenotype vs. genotype

  29. Physical appearance – reflects your genotype • Genotype--“genes” – the make up of the combination of traits you inherit from your parents

  30. Punnett Squares

  31. Shows possible phenotypes and genotypes – possibilities of what the offspring could look like or what genes they can inherit.

  32. Homozygous recessive vs. dominant

  33. Dominant--The gene or allele that is most likely expressed or seen in an offspring – only 1 is needed to show trait. • Recessive--The gene or allele less likely to be expressed or seen in an offspring – in order for this trait to be seen, the offspring must have 2 of these recessive alleles

  34. What is a Hybrid

  35. Synonym for “heterozygous”

  36. 2 word problems…

  37. About 70% of Americans perceive a bitter taste from the chemical phenylthiocarbamide (PTC). The ability to taste this chemical results from a dominant allele (T) and not being able to taste PTC is the result of having two recessive alleles (t). Albinism is also a single locus trait with normal pigment being dominant (A) and the lack of pigment being recessive (a). A normally pigmented woman who cannot taste PTC has a father who is an albino taster. She marries a homozygous, normally pigmented man who is a taster but who has a mother that does not taste PTC. What are the genotypes of the possible children (choose all that apply)? • 1) • What percentage will be albino?

  38. Wolves are sometimes observed to have black coats and blue eyes. Assume that these traits are controlled by single locus genes and are located on different chromosomes. Assume further that normal coat color (N) is dominant to black (n) and brown eyes (B) are dominant to blue (b). Suppose the alpha male and alpha female of a pack (these are the dominant individuals who do most of the breeding) are black with blue eyes and normal colored with brown eyes, respectively. The female is also heterozygous for both traits. How many of the offspring (assume 16) living in the pack will have each of the following genotypes? • 2) • What percent of the offspring will be normal colored with blue eyes?

  39. Sex Linked Diseases

  40. Sex Linked Causes

  41. What is a carrier?

  42. A living organism that has inherited a disease

  43. Dominant Diseases:

  44. Single gene disorders that occur in the heterozygous state

  45. Recessive Diseases:

  46. Single gene disorders that occur only when an individual carries two malfunctioning copies

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