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How the Lungs Get Oxygen to the Rest of the Body

How the Lungs Get Oxygen to the Rest of the Body. Leah Fessler, Claire Bradach, Sara Uebelein. Overview Diagram of Lungs. http://healthforself.today.com/files/2009/06/lungs-1.jpg. How Does Mucus Help?. Mucus coats and protects the linings of of breathing tubes and pulmonary tubes

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How the Lungs Get Oxygen to the Rest of the Body

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  1. How the Lungs Get Oxygen to the Rest of the Body Leah Fessler, Claire Bradach, Sara Uebelein

  2. Overview Diagram of Lungs http://healthforself.today.com/files/2009/06/lungs-1.jpg

  3. How Does Mucus Help? • Mucus coats and protects the linings of of breathing tubes and pulmonary tubes • Any irritant: dust, bacteria, airborne particles stick to thin mucus coatings • Protects against bacterial or viral invasion, infections or inflammation • Traps foreign substances before they can invade respiratory system References: 5, 6

  4. How Do Cilia Help? • Little hairs lining pulmonary tubes • Move mucuscontaining any pollutants upward towards throat to the epiglottis • Continuous wave-like movements • Epiglottis opens allowing mucus to be swallowed, or coughed up in mouth References: 5 http://medicalimages.allrefer.com/large/respiratory-cilia.jpg Cilia Animation:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=by6DKnvl5nE

  5. Function of the Bronchioles • Fine branchings off “bronchial tree” • Further warm, moisten, and clean air • Carry oxygen to alveoli for gas exchange References: 7 http://www.clarian.org/ADAM/doc/graphics/images/en/1103.jpg

  6. What are Alveoli? • an alveolus is a tiny air sac covered in capillaries • lungs have about 300 million alveoli • gas exchange occurs in alveoli • oxygen diffused from alveoli into blood • carbon dioxide diffused from blood into alveoli http://www.3dscience.com/img/Products/Images/clip_art/respiratory_alveoli_web.jpg References: 1, 4, 9

  7. Alveoli Structure and Function • Structure • Arranged in grape like clusters • Thin walls (1 cell thick ) • Densely covered with blood capillaries • Moist walls • Function • Increase surface area for gas exchange • Rate of diffusion of O2 and CO2 increased between alveoli and blood • Large contact area between alveoli and blood supply • Aids rate of diffusion of gases References: 4

  8. Lobes SECTIONS: • Right lung has 3, left lung has 2 • Opening for air to move in and out References: 1, 3 IMAGE: http://www.le.ac.uk/pathology/teach/va/anatomy/case2/frmst2.html

  9. Pleura • 2 membranes with fluid in between • Surround each lobe of lungs • Separate lung from chest wall • Holds lung to wall, which allows lung to expand • Pleural effusion - too much fluid References: 1, 8 IMAGE: http://www.aurorahealthcare.org/healthgate/images/si55551434.jpg

  10. Blood Vessels • PULMONARY ARTERY takes deoxygenated blood to capillaries • Gas exchange (passive diffusion) between CAPILLARIES and alveoli • PULMONARY VEIN takes oxygenated blood away from capillaries References: 1, 3 Gas Exchange http://media-2.web.britannica.com/eb-media/37/92937-034-1E4EA526.jpg

  11. Lung Animations From Youtube! • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d-f3RL0KiUg&feature=PlayList&p=0850BBABD41573E1&index=3 (watch whole video) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HiT621PrrO0 (watch from 50 seconds on) • Cilia animation located on Cilia slide

  12. Bibliography 1. "How Lungs Work." LungUSA.org. American Lung Association, 2009. Web. 9 Nov. 2009. <http://www.lungusa.org/your-lungs/how-lungs-work/>. 2. "Human Physiology - Respiration." People.eku.edu. Eastern Kentucky University. Web. 9 Nov. 2009. <http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/301notes6.htm>. 3. "Anatomy & Physiology of the Respiratory System." Le.ac.uk. University of Leicester. Web. 9 Nov. 2009. <http://www.le.ac.uk/pa/teach/va/anatomy/case2/frmst2.html>. 4. "Alveoli." Coolschool.ca. BC Learning Network. Web. 9 Nov. 2009. <http://www.coolschool.ca/lor/BI12/unit11/U11L03.htm>. 5. "Anatomy and Function of the Normal Lung." Thoracic.org. American Thoracic Society, 2009. Web. 9 Nov. 2009. <http://www.thoracic.org/sections/copd/for-patients/anatomy-and-function-of-the-normal-lung.html>. 6. "Mucus." Sinuswars.com. Sinus Wars, 2009. Web. 9 Nov. 2009. <http://www.sinuswars.com/mucus.asp>. 7. "Human Respiration." Britannica.com. Encyclopedia Britannica, 2009. Web. 9 Nov. 2009. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/499530/human-respiration/66130/Structural-design-of-the-airway-tree>. 8. Stitham, Sean O., and Benjamin Medoff. "Pleural Effusion." National Library of Medicine. 29 Aug 2008. National Institutes of Health, Web. 9 Nov 2009. <http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000086.htm>. 9. Starr, Cecie, and Ralph Taggart. Biology, The Unity and Diversity of Life. 9th edition. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole, 2001

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