The Calamitous Fourteenth Century

The Calamitous Fourteenth Century The Four Horsemen

The High Middle Ages Circa 1050-1300

Investiture Controversy--England • Key Terms • Henry II (r. 1154-1189) • Thomas Becket (ca. 1118-1170) • Councils of Clarendon (1164) • John I (r. 1199-1216) • Pope Innocent III (r. 1198-1216)

Investiture Controversy—Holy Roman Empire • Key Terms • Henry VI (r. 1056-1106) • Pope Gregory VII (r. 1073-1085) • Matilda of Tuscany • Canossa • Concordat of Worms (1122)

What is the historical significance of the investiture contest?

Collapse!

Key Terms • Pope Boniface VIII (r. 1294-1303) • Unum Sanctum (1302) • Philip IV (the Fair) of France (r. 1285-1314) • Avignon • Pope Gregory IX (r. 1370-1378) • Pope urban VI (r. 1378-1389) (Rome) • Pope Clement VII (r. 1378-1394) (Avignon) • Pope Martin V (r. 1417-1431) (Rome)

Babylonian Captivity (1304-1374)

Schism (1378-1417)

Key Terms • Thomas Malthus (1766-1834) • Essay on the Principle of Population • Malthusian Crisis • Little Ice Age • Great Famine (1315-1317)

Malthusian Crisis

Johannes de Trokelowe, Annales, 1315 The dearth began in the month of May and lasted until the feast of the nativity of the Virgin [September 8]. The summer rains were so heavy that grain could not ripen. It could hardly be gathered and used to bake bread down to the said feast day unless it was first put in vessels to dry. Around the end of autumn the dearth was mitigated in part, but toward Christmas it became as bad as before. Bread did not have its usual nourishing power and strength because the grain was not nourished by the warmth of summer sunshine. Hence those who ate it, even in large quantities, were hungry again after a little while. There can be no doubt that the poor wasted away when even the rich were constantly hungry....

Johannes de Trokelowe, Annales Four pennies worth of coarse bread was not enough to feed a common man for one day. The usual kinds of meat, suitable for eating, were too scarce; horse meat was precious; plump dogs were stolen. And, according to many reports, men and women in many places secretly ate their own children....

The Calamitous Fourteenth Century

The Calamitous Fourteenth Century

Presentation Transcript

Arms as Profession in Fourteenth-century Italy

From Gothic to Renaissance : The Fourteenth Century in Italy

The Fourteenth Century: Twilight of the Middle Ages

The Fourteenth Century: A Time Of Transition

The Calamitous 14th Century

Late Medieval Europe and the “Calamitous” 14 th century

The Late Middle Ages: Crisis and Disintegration in the Fourteenth Century

Music in the Fourteenth Century

The Calamitous 14 th Century

The Later Middle Ages: Crisis and Disintegration in the Fourteenth Century (Chapter 11)

Europe in the Fourteenth Century .

The Calamitous 14 th Century

The Late Middle Ages: Crisis and Disintegration in the Fourteenth Century

Fourteenth Amendment

Disasters of the Fourteenth Century

Chapter Eleven The Fourteenth Century: A Time of Transition

Chapter 11 The Late Middle Ages: Crisis and Disintegration in the Fourteenth Century

The Calamitous Fourteenth Century

The Calamitous 14 th Century

The Calamitous 14 th Century

The Troubled Fourteenth Century

The Calamitous 14 th century