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BIO 210 Chapter 10 Part 2

BIO 210 Chapter 10 Part 2. Important Skeletal Muscles. Warm Up. Define & give an example of each of the following. Prime mover Synergist Antagonist Fixator muscles Name the muscles of the Quadriceps Group Name the muscles of Hamstring Group. Warm Up.

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BIO 210 Chapter 10 Part 2

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  1. BIO 210Chapter 10 Part 2 ImportantSkeletal Muscles

  2. Warm Up • Define & give an example of each of the following. • Prime mover • Synergist • Antagonist • Fixator muscles • Name the muscles of the Quadriceps Group • Name the muscles of Hamstring Group

  3. Warm Up • Define & give an example of a muscle that does each of the following. • Prime mover-provides most of the force for a movement, forearm flexion, biceps brachii. • Synergist-assists, i.e.contract at same time as prime movers, and move the joint the same direction. Brachialis. • Antagonist-muscle that extends the prime mover. Triceps brachii is antagonist for biceps. • Fixator muscles-stabilize a joint. Deltoid.

  4. Name the muscles of the Quadriceps Group • Rectus femoris • Vastus medialis • Vastus lateralis • Vastus intermedius • Name the muscles of Hamstring Group • Semitendenosus • Semimembranosus • Biceps femoris

  5. When we talk about muscle actions of the following muscles, we are referring to the action of the prime mover. Remember that muscles work together. Prime mover Synergist Antagonist Fixator muscles Important Skeletal Muscles

  6. MUSCLES OF FACIAL EXPRESSION • ORBICULARIS OCULI • ZYGOMATICUS MAJOR • ORBICULARIS ORIS • BUCCINATOR

  7. ORBICULARIS OCULI: Closes Eyes (Blinking)

  8. ZYGOMATICUS MAJOR: Pulls Corners of Mouth Upward (Laughing)

  9. ORBICULARIS ORIS: Puckers Mouth (Kissing)

  10. BUCCINATOR: Presses Lips and Cheeks Against Teeth (Blowing, Whistling)

  11. MUSCLES OF MASTICATION • TEMPORALIS: Same as Masseter • MASSETER Elevates Mandible (Closes Jaw)

  12. MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE HEAD • STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID • Flexes Head ("Prayer Muscle") (When Both Contract) • Turns Head to Side (When Each Contracts Alone)

  13. TRUNK MUSCLES - MUSCLES OF THE THORAX NOTE: All of These Muscles Play an Important Role in Respiration. • EXTERNAL INTERCOSTALS • Elevates Ribs • INTERNAL INTERCOSTALS • Depresses Ribs • DIAPHRAGM • Enlarges Thorax (Causes Inspiration)

  14. TRUNK MUSCLES - MUSCLES OF THE ABDOMINALWALL • EXTERNAL OBLIQUE • INTERNAL OBLIQUE • TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINUS • RECTUS ABDOMINUS

  15. CAT ABS! • EXTERNAL OBLIQUE • INTERNAL OBLIQUE • TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINUS • RECTUS ABDOMINUS

  16. All Four of These Muscles Have the Following Functions: Compress (Tighten) Abdomen Rotate Trunk Laterally Abdominal muscles play important roles in posture; they pull pelvis upward which flattens lumbar curve of the spine. They also aid in defecation, forced expiration, childbirth, etc. Rectus abdominus flexes the trunk of the body. Functions of Muscles of the Abdominal Wall

  17. UPPER LIMB MUSCLES –MUSCLES ACTING ON THE SHOULDER GIRDLE: Trapezius & Serratus anterior • TRAPEZIUS • Raises and Lowers Shoulders (Shrugs Shoulders)

  18. CAT TRAPEZIUS, DELTOID, ETC. • 1. External oblique • 2. Latissimus dorsi • 3. Spinotrapezius • 4. Acromiotrapezius • 5. Clavotrapezius • 6. Levator scapulae ventralis • 7. Spinodeltoid • 8. Acromiodeltoid • 9. Clavodeltoid • 10. Triceps brachii (lateral head) • 11. Triceps brachii (long head)

  19. UPPER LIMB MUSCLES –MUSCLES ACTING ON THE SHOULDER GIRDLE: Trapezius & Serratus anterior • SERRATUS ANTERIOR • Pulls Shoulder Forward and Upward (Punching Movements)

  20. CAT-SERRATUS ANTERIOR

  21. Pectoralis major Latissimus dorsi Deltoid UPPER LIMB MUSCLESMUSCLES THAT MOVE THE UPPER ARM

  22. PECTORALIS MAJOR • Flexes Upper Arm • Adducts Upper Arm Anteriorly (Draws It Across Chest)

  23. CAT PECS • Clavodeltoid • Pectoantebrachialis • Pectoralis major • Pectoralis minor • Xiphihumeralis

  24. LATISSIMUS DORSI • Extends Upper Arm • Adducts Upper Arm • Posteriorly (Draws It Across Back)

  25. CAT-LATISSIMUS DORSI

  26. DELTOID Assists with Flexion and Extension of Upper Arm Abducts Upper Arm

  27. CAT TRAPEZIUS, DELTOID, ETC. • 1. External oblique • 2. Latissimus dorsi • 3. Spinotrapezius • 4. Acromiotrapezius • 5. Clavotrapezius • 6. Levator scapulae ventralis • 7. Spinodeltoid • 8. Acromiodeltoid • 9. Clavodeltoid • 10. Triceps brachii (lateral head) • 11. Triceps brachii (long head)

  28. MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE FOREARM • BICEPS BRACHII • Supinates Forearm and Hand • Flexes Supinated Forearm • BRACHIALIS & • Flexes Pronated Forearm 

  29. MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE FOREARM • BRACHIORADIALIS • Supinates Forearm and Hand • Flexes Forearm • (Semipronated or Semisupinated) • TRICEPS BRACHII • Extends Forearm

  30. MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE WRIST, HAND, AND FINGERS • SUPERFICIAL FLEXORS • FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS • Flexes Hand • PALMARIS LONGUS • Flexes Hand • FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS • Flexes Hand

  31. MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE WRIST, HAND, AND FINGERS • FLEXOR DIGITORUM (SUPERFICIALIS) • Flexes Fingers

  32. MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE WRIST, HAND, AND FINGERS • EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS • Extends Hand • Abducts Hand (Moves Toward Thumb Side When Hand Supinated)

  33. MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE WRIST, HAND, AND FINGERS: • EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS • Extends Hand • Adducts Hand (Moves Toward Little Finger Side When Hand Supinated) • EXTENSOR DIGITORUM • Extends Fingers

  34. MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE WRIST, HAND, AND FINGERS • OPPONENS POLLICIS • Opposes Thumb to Fingers

  35. LOWER LIMB MUSCLESMUSCLES THAT MOVE THE THIGH: ILIOPSOAS • Flexes Thigh Flexes Trunk

  36. LOWER LIMB MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE THIGH: RECTUS FEMORIS • Flexes Thigh • Extends Lower Leg

  37. LOWER LIMB MUSCLESMUSCLES THAT MOVE THE THIGH: GLUTEAL GROUP • MAXIMUS • Extends Thigh • MEDIUS • Abducts Thigh • MINIMUS • Abducts Thigh

  38. Lower Limb Muscles continued… • TENSOR FASCIAE LATAE • Abducts Thigh • PECTINEUS • Adducts Thigh • Flexes Thigh • ADDUCTOR GROUP • BREVIS • LONGUS • MAGNUS • ALL of These Muscles Adduct the Thigh. • GRACILIS • Adducts Thigh • Flexes Lower leg

  39. TENSOR FASCIAE LATAEAbducts Thigh 1. Sartorius  2. Tensor fasciae latae  3. Gluteus maximus  4. Gluteus medius  5. Caudofemoralis  6. Vastus lateralis  7. Biceps femoris  8. Gastrocnemius  9. Soleus

  40. TENSOR FASCIAE LATAE-CATAbducts Thigh 1. Sartorius  2. Tensor fasciae latae  3. Gluteus maximus  4. Gluteus medius  5. Caudofemoralis  6. Vastus lateralis  7. Biceps femoris  8. Gastrocnemius  9. Soleus

  41. PECTINEUS Adducts Thigh Flexes Thigh

  42. PECTINEUS-CAT

  43. ADDUCTOR GROUP ALL of These Muscles Adduct the Thigh. • BREVIS • LONGUS • MAGNUS

  44. ADDUCTOR GROUP-CATNOTE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CAT AND HUMAN BEING ADDUCTOR LONGUS ADDUCTOR FEMORIS

  45. GRACILIS Adducts Thigh Flexes Lower leg

  46. GRACILIS-CAT

  47. QUADRICEPS FEMORIS GROUP RECTUS FEMORIS Extends Lower leg Flexes Thigh VASTUS LATERALIS VASTUS MEDIALIS VASTUS INTERMEDIUS ALL Muscles in the Vastus Group Extend Lower Leg MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE LOWER LEG

  48. QUADRICEPS FEMORIS GROUP • RECTUS FEMORIS • Extends Lower leg • Flexes Thigh • VASTUS LATERALIS • VASTUS MEDIALIS • VASTUS INTERMEDIUS • deep to rectus femoris • ALL Muscles in the Vastus Group Extend Lower Leg

  49. QUADRICEPS FEMORIS GROUP • VASTUS INTERMEDIUS • deep to rectus femoris • ALL Muscles in the Vastus Group Extend Lower Leg

  50. QUADRICEPS FEMORIS GROUP-CAT VASTUS LATERALIS RECTUS FEMORIS VASTUS INTERMEDIUS VASTUS MEDIALIS

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