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Arab-Israeli Conflict

Arab-Israeli Conflict. I. Palestine & Israel. Jewish view: claim to land 3,000 yrs. Ago Famine led to Diaspora Zionist Movement: an international political movement that supported a homeland for the Jewish people (late 19 th cent.) Palestine became a British mandate following WWI.

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Arab-Israeli Conflict

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  1. Arab-Israeli Conflict

  2. I. Palestine & Israel • Jewish view: claim to land 3,000 yrs. Ago • Famine led to Diaspora • Zionist Movement: an international political movement that supported a homeland for the Jewish people (late 19th cent.) • Palestine became a British mandate following WWI. • 1922: Balfour Declaration

  3. Arabs rioted as Jews immigrated • 1939: Brit. shut off Jewish immigration (WWII) • Palestinian Jews turned to terrorism • 1946: Israel was a war zone • 1947: Brit. backed out of governance of Israel • UN took over – formed partition betw. Jews & Arabs – Truman endorsed

  4. 1948: • Israel officially became a country • Arabs launched an attack on Israel • Israel fought off invasion (U.S.) • Other wars: 1956, 1967, & 1973 • Israel won each war

  5. Gaza Strip, West Bank, & Golan Heights: • Intended as living space for Palestinians • Occupied by Israel

  6. 1967 (the Six Day War)-Israel defeated Egypt, Syria, Jordan, & Iraq • Reclaimed the West Bank, Gaza Strip, and the Sinai Peninsula • Sinai Peninsula was returned to Egypt 1982

  7. -1964: Palestinian Liberation Organization(PLO) --Yasir Arafat (leader) --Fatah Party (1958) *Goal of PLO & Fatah: complete liberation of Palestine, and eradication of Zionist economic, political, military and cultural existence • Seen as terrorists

  8. 1993: Israel & PLO signed a Declaration of Principles (Oslo Accords): • First time Palestinians recognized Israel’s right to exist • Provided for Palestinian self-govt. in two places (Gaza & parts of West Bank) • Activists from both sides criticized this accord

  9. 1994: Violence broke out • An Israeli killed 29 Muslims in West Bank • Palestinians responded with suicide bombings • Hamas: an Islamist group said war until an independent Palestine was created

  10. 2000: an intifada (uprising) began by Palestinians • followed Camp David Summit (failed after 9 days) • The Arab leader who would surrender Jerusalem is not born yet. (Arafat)

  11. 2001: Ariel Sharon (Israeli PM)– accused Arafat of terrorism • Jan. 2006: incapacitated • Benjamin Netanyahu (PM of Israel) • 2004: Yasir Arafat died • MamoudAbbas—current PLO leader • Denounced violence

  12. 2004: Israel began building a concrete barrier around Jerusalem (protection against Palestinian suicide bombers)

  13. 2006: Hamas won Palestinian election • Beat the Fatah Party • Hamas: Islamist party • Does not recognize Israel

  14. Israeli & Palestinian leaders called for a return to the “road map,” a US sponsored peace plan to create a Palestinian state.

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