Taking I n and Storing Information

2. Taking In and Storing Information Chapter 3

3. Change Blindness • Psychological phenomenon • Change in visual stimulus goes unnoticed • Causes • Obstructions to visual field • Change in location • Eye movements • Lack of attention

4. Attention • Sensory Storage • Holds information for a few seconds • Takes in all sensory information • Steps must be taken to hold on to these memories • Selective Attention: ability to pick and choose among various available inputs

5. Selective Attention • Selection Theory • Donald Broadbent • Only one channel at a time • Attenuation Theory • Anne Treisbent • Main channel, others suppressed • Not eliminated, info still processed • Input priorities • Information leading to satisfaction of hunger and thirst needs • Information that is strange or novel • Information that we find interesting

8. Selective Attention • What did you eat for breakfast? • What color shirt was your 2nd period teacher wearing? • What was the first announcement of the day? • Name any of the places mentioned in the video at the beginning. • What was the title of this slide show?

9. Feature Extraction • Locating the outstanding characteristics of incoming information • Helps with identification and comparing to other inputs • Distinguish between faces, but see similarities

10. Feature Extraction

11. Chemical Influences on Learning • Any chemical will alter a person’s bodily condition or state • Stimulants increase level of brain chemicals  rapid learning • Ex: Caffeine stirs up body activity level* • Must be accompanied by sugar, artificial sweeteners alter normal firing pattern of brain cells • Depressants block firing of brain nerve cells  reduce learning • Ex: hotdogs, cold-cut meats • State-Dependent Learning: learning and reproduction of the material are reliant on the condition of the body at the time of learning.

12. Emotional Factors in Learning • Emotional involvement increases learning • Humor (in moderation) can increase level of brain activity • Unpleasant teachers can increase for a while too • Negative emotions are still emotions