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R gene evolution and structure

R gene evolution and structure. Major classes of R genes R gene evolution Down stream signaling. Cloned disease resistance genes. NBS-LRR is largest class Major subclasses of NBS-LRR are: - CC-NBS-LRR - TIR-NBS-LRR R gene class and pathogen are not correlated

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R gene evolution and structure

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  1. R gene evolution and structure • Major classes of R genes • R gene evolution • Down stream signaling

  2. Cloned disease resistance genes NBS-LRR is largest class Major subclasses of NBS-LRR are: - CC-NBS-LRR - TIR-NBS-LRR R gene class and pathogen are not correlated TIR-NBS-LRR are not found in monocots Liu et al. 2007. J. Genet. Genom. 34:765-776

  3. Major classes of R proteins Liu et al. 2007. J. Genet. Genom. 34:765-776

  4. Tammeling et al. (2002) Plant Cell 14, 2929–2939

  5. Example of leucine rich repeat region

  6. Variation in numbers of LRRs

  7. NB-LRR proteins are involved in animal innate immunity Inohara. 2003. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 3:371:382

  8. NB-LRR proteins are involved in animal innate immunity Ting et al. 2008. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 8:372-379

  9. Signaling by animal NLR proteins Ting et al. 2008. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 8:372-379

  10. The zigzag model for plant pathogen interactions Dangl and Jones. 2006. Nature 444:323-329

  11. A modification of the zigzag model - Repair Lee et al. 2008. Mol. Cell. Proteomics. In press

  12. Structure Cf resistance loci in tomato Wulff et al. (2004) Genetics 167:459-70

  13. Phylogeny and genomic organization of (NBS-LRR) genes in Arabidopsis thaliana. Leister. (2004) TIGS 20:116-122

  14. Leister. (2004) TIGS 20:116-122

  15. Molecular evolution of R genes at complex loci - continued Ways that plants could and do evolve novel resistance specificities Hammond-kosack (1997) Ann. Rev. Plant Phys.

  16. Mechanisms that contribute to R gene diversity Leister. (2004) TIGS 20:116-122

  17. Slow and fast evolving R genes R gene evolution is not homogeneous

  18. Evidence that R genes evolve at different rates Kuang et al. (2004) Plant Cell 16:2870

  19. LRR is least conserved part of R genes Michelmore and Meyers. 1998. Genome Res. 8: 1113-1130

  20. Birth and death model for R gene evolution DIRECT OR INDIRECT PATHOGEN PRODUCTS SIGNAL CASCADE, RESISTANCE RESPONSE & RAPID CELL DEATH RECOGNITION SELECTION ON PATHOGEN POPULATION FOR LACK OF OF AVIRULENCE FACTOR NO RECOGNITION COMPATIBLE INTERACTION SELECTION ON PLANT POPULATION FOR NEW RESISTANCE SPECIFICITY SIGNAL CASCADE, RESISTANCE RESPONSE & RAPID CELL DEATH RECOGNITION

  21. Dangl and Jones. 2006. Nature 444:323-329

  22. van der Hoorn & Kamoun 2008. Plant Cell 20: 2009–2017

  23. van der Hoorn & Kamoun 2008. Plant Cell 20: 2009–2017

  24. Genetic tests to discriminate between the guard and decoy models van der Hoorn & Kamoun 2008. Plant Cell 20: 2009–2017

  25. Martin et al. 2003 ARPB

  26. Role of EDS1 and PAD4 in plant defense Wiermer et al. 2005. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 8:383–389

  27. RAR1 and SGT1 RAR1 & SGT1 interact with each other RAR1 & SGT1 interact with HSP90 HSP90 associates with R proteins SGT1 is a component of the SCF type E3 ubiquitin ligase complex (SKP/CULLEN/F-BOX) SGT1 interacts with SKP1 SGT1 and RAR1 also interact with the COP9 signalosome complex – also involved in protein degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway

  28. The nuclear localization of N is required for defense response Burch-Smith et al. 2007. PLoS Biology 5:e68

  29. Model for N protein function RPS4 and Mla resistance proteins have also been shown to have a requirement for nuclear localization. Burch-Smith et al. 2007. PLoS Biology 5:e68

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