Service Convergence with Ethernet over PDH Enabling new applications and services over T1s

1. Service Convergence with Ethernet over PDHEnabling new applications and services over T1s Ralph Santitoro Director of Carrier Ethernet Solutions Ralph@Marcom-Services.net November 29, 2007

2. Introduction to Ethernet over PDH EoPDH also referred to as Ethernet over TDM (EoTDM) or Ethernet over Serial

3. What is Ethernet over PDH (EoPDH)? • PDH (Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy) • Term to collectively refer to DS1/DS3 and E1/E3 circuits • The ‘copper’ electrical circuits in the digital hierarchy • Leverages benefits of Ethernet for applications and services over PDH WANs (DIY or Managed Service) • Site-to-site and multi-site ‘hub and spoke’ Layer 2 VPNs • Alternative to IP VPNs • Frame Relay migration and replacement • Ethernet Access to IP services • Internet Access, IP VPNs, IP Telephony (VoIP)

4. Technologies to deliver EoPDH • PPP/MLPPP/BCP-based EoPDH • PPP/MLPPP (RFC1990) for encapsulation & bonding • Bridging Control Protocol (RFC3518) for bridging • GFP/VCAT/LCAS-based EoPDH (G.8040) • Generic Framing Procedure (G.7040) for encapsulation • Virtual Concatenation (G.7041) and Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme (G.7042) for bonding

5. EoPDH Service Bandwidth Options • MLPPP/BCP Technology • Typically up to 8 bonded DS1s (12Mbps) or 8 bonded E1s (16Mbps) • Up to 2 bonded DS3s (90Mbps) • GFP/VCAT/LCAS Technology • New technology so typical deployment scenarios not yet established • Technology supports up to: • 16 bonded DS1s (24Mbps) or 16 bonded E1s (32Mbps) • N bonded DS3s (N x 45Mbps)

6. EoPDH Device Support • Aggregation Devices • TDM interfaces and protocol processor add-in cards for routers • New EoPDH aggregation devices • CPE Devices • MLPPP/BCP-based EoPDH supported on most CPE WAN routers and IADs (router/voice gateways) • GFP-based EoPDH supported on new types of CPE devices

7. Tagged or Untagged Ethernet Frame IEEE 802.1ad S-VLAN Tagged Ethernet Frame Channelized DS3s T1, Bonded T1s or T3 Ethernet Transport Network WAN IP IP IP ETH ETH IP PPP/GFP PPP/GFP ETH ETH How does EoPDH Work ? EoPDH Aggregator Enterprise Site EoPDH CPE • Ethernet Frames enter EoPDH CPE and encapsulated into PPP/MLPPP (or GFP) • Encapsulated Frames transported over PDH WAN Circuits (T1s, T3s) • DS1s or channelized DS3 circuits terminated on EoPDH Aggregator • DS1s extracted from chDS3s, MLPPP (or GFP) terminated, Ethernet Frames reconstructed • EoPDH preserves original Ethernet 802.1Q tagged frame, adds IEEE 802.1ad S-VLAN tag (QinQ) and passes to Ethernet Transport or IP/MPLS Core Network

8. Why Ethernet over PDH ? • Enables Enterprise IT managers to standardize on Ethernet as the common LAN/WAN technology • Enables new Ethernet-based services • Over existing Copper PDH Access Network Facilities with no speed or distance limitations • T1s are the most widely available access network technology for enterprise data networking in the U.S.

9. E-Line L2 VPN IP Telephony Internet Access Ethernet UNI Target Applications for EoPDH • Ethernet Access to IP Services • Internet Access • IP VPNs • IP Telephony • IP Video Conferencing • Site-to-Site and Multi-Site Layer 2 VPN services • E-Line and E-LAN • Frame Relay migration and replacement

10. chDS3 T1 Internet CPE/CLE Router Edge Router NxT1 CPE/CLE Router PPP or Frame Relay MLPPP Dedicated Internet Access over T1 circuits PMO • Customer premise router connects to Internet via 1 or more T1s • Orders Fractional T1 or NxT1 speed • PPP/MLPPP/Frame Relay sessions setup between CPE routers and DIA ISP’s Edge Router to the Internet DIA Service Provider’s Network LEC Network

11. How DIA is offered over T1s today • Choose your T1 speed: • 384K T1: $289 / month • 768K T1: $309 / month • 1.5M T1: $329 / month • 3.0M T1: $669 / month • Features: • Managed CPE router • SLAs Service bandwidth defined based on NxDS0 and NxDS1 granularity

12. Internet Ethernet UNIs Dedicated Internet Access using EoPDH FMO • Customer premise router connects to Internet via Ethernet • ISP provides Ethernet handoff (UNI) from EoPDH CLE • Service identified via a VLAN DIA Service Provider’s Network LEC Network CPE Router EoPDH CLE EoPDH Aggregator Edge Router EoPDH CLE CPE Router

13. How Services can be offered with Ethernet over PDH • Choose your service speed: • $x / Month / Mbps / Service • Select your VLAN(s) to map the service: • VLAN 10 for IP Telephony service • VLAN 20 for Internet Access • VLAN 50 for site-to-site L2 VPN between DC and NYC • Features: • Managed CPE / IAD • SLAs

14. Ethernet Services Tutorial and Introduction to the

15. The MEF’s Mission • Accelerate the worldwide adoption of carrier-class Ethernet networks and services • This mission is in direct response to the: • Need and demand for a simple ubiquitous service • Need to scale network services to enable rapid deployment of applications critical to enterprises and service providers • Availability of low cost, high bandwidth Ethernet, beyond the LAN • Convergence of business, residential and wireless services

16. The MEF pulls together the technologies and standards to create Carrier Ethernet Network Edge Network Core

17. Carrier Ethernet DefinedThe 5 Attributes of Carrier Ethernet

18. The Evolution of Ethernet • In the beginning Ethernet served a single organization • Then VLANs (IEEE 802.1Q) were added • to provide departmental separation and prioritization • Then service providers offered Ethernet as a WAN service • For Internet Access and Private Lines where customers needed high bandwidth • VLAN tag stacking (QinQ / S-VLANs) was added to address scalability and Customer VLAN tag preservation • Then additional technologies added to improve its resiliency for availability, fault management and scalability • ITU-T G.8031 (50ms Ethernet Protecting Switching) • IEEE 802.1ag (Connectivity Fault Management) • IEEE 802.1ah (MAC in MAC)

19. What is Carrier Ethernet? • Carrier Ethernet is the term coined by the MEF • Use to distinguish Ethernet as a WAN technology from Ethernet as the LAN technology • Carrier Ethernet uses the same Ethernet technologies that are used in LANs • With additional capabilities required for WANs and Services

20. Carrier Ethernet Terminology • User to Network Interface (UNI) • Physical interface/demarcation between service provider/Cable Operator/Carrier/ and subscriber • Modeled after Frame Relay UNI • Ethernet Virtual Connection (EVC) • Logical representation of an Ethernet service as defined by the associate between 2 or more UNIs • Modeled after Frame Relay PVC UNIs and EVCs are the Fundamental Constructs when using Ethernet as a WAN Technology

21. MEF Carrier Ethernet TerminologyUser to Network Interface (UNI) • Physical Interface 10/100/1000Mbps or 10Gbps • MEF has defined two types of UNIs • MEF UNI Type I • Manually Configurable • Supported by essentially all routers and switches currently in use • MEF UNI Type II • Automatically Configurable via Ethernet Line Management Interface (E-LMI) • Analogous to Frame Relay LMI • Manageable via OAM Carrier Ethernet Network UNI CE CE: Customer Equipment, UNI: User Network Interface

22. UNI UNI Point-to-Point UNI Multipoint-to-Multipoint UNI UNI MEF Carrier Ethernet Terminology Ethernet Virtual Connection (EVC) • A Logical Construct for Ethernet Service Instantiation • Analogous to a Frame Relay PVC • Connects two or more UNIs • Can have multiple EVCs (services) on the same UNI • Two predominant types of EVCs • Point-to-Point • Multipoint-to-Multipoint

23. MEF Ethernet Service Definition Framework • Ethernet Service Type • Categorizes the service based on its EVC type • Point-to-Point or Multipoint-to-Multipoint • Ethernet Service Attributes and Parameters • Specifies UNI and EVC requirements for each Service Type The MEF defines Ethernet Services using this Framework

24. MEF Ethernet Service Definitions Service Types

25. Services Using E-Line Service TypeEthernet Private Line (EPL) • TDM Private Line replacement • Dedicated UNIs for Point-to-Point connections • Ethernet Access to Internet, Data Center Mirroring and Backup • Used for applications requiring highest Reliability, Availability, QoS and Security Storage Service Provider UNI CE UNI Carrier Ethernet Network UNI ISP POP Internet CE UNI Point-to-Point EVCs CE

26. Services Using E-Line Service TypeEthernet Virtual Private Line (EVPL) • Frame Relay or ATM service replacement • Enables multiple services (EVCs) over single physical connection (UNI) • Ethernet Access to Internet, IP VPNs and IP telephony (VoIP) • Site to Site Layer 2 VPNs ISP POP Service Multiplexed Ethernet UNI CE Internet UNI UNI Carrier Ethernet Network CE UNI CE Point-to-Point EVCs CE

27. Services Using E-LAN Service Type • Simplifies network design for any-to-any connectivity applications • Transparent LAN Service • Multipoint Layer 2 VPNs • Multicast applications UNI CE Carrier Ethernet Network UNI CE UNI CE Multipoint-to-Multipoint EVC

28. Summary • EoPDH enables Enterprises to standardize on Ethernet as a common technology • for LANs and WANs for sites without fiber access • Ethernet enables multiple applications and services to be supported • over a common, single interface (Ethernet UNI)

29. Recommended Reading • Metro Ethernet Services – A Technical Overview • http://www.metroethernetforum.org/PDF_Documents/metro-ethernet-services.pdf