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Thursday 2/9/12

Thursday 2/9/12. Bell Ringer. Schedule. PAP Chemistry. Bell Ringer Types of Chemical Rxns Notes. HOMEWORK: Practice Problems. I CAN……solve chemistry problems by being an independent, creative thinker. Teachers open the door, but you must enter by yourself. .

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Thursday 2/9/12

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  1. Thursday2/9/12 Bell Ringer Schedule PAP Chemistry • Bell Ringer • Types of Chemical Rxns Notes HOMEWORK: Practice Problems I CAN……solve chemistry problems by being an independent, creative thinker. Teachers open the door, but you must enter by yourself.  • Get out your notes from yeterday. • Write the balanced equation: • Ifluorine reacts with sodium bromide to yield……

  2. Chemical Reactions Types of Chemical Reactions

  3. A. Combination or Synthesis • the combination of 2 or more substances to form a compound • only one product A + B  AB

  4. A. Synthesis H2(g) + Cl2(g)  2 HCl(g)

  5. A. Combination or Synthesis • Products: • ionic - cancel charges • covalent - hard to tell Al(s)+ Cl2(g)  AlCl3(s) 2 3 2

  6. B. Combustion • the burning of any substance in O2 to produce heat A + O2 B CH4(g) + 2O2(g)  CO2(g) + 2H2O(g) EX: Burning of natural gas, wood and gasoline

  7. B. Combustion • Products: • contain oxygen • hydrocarbons form CO2 + H2O Na(s)+ O2(g)  Na2O(s) 4 2 5 3 4 C3H8(g)+ O2(g)  CO2(g)+ H2O(g) ***Combustion reactions are a type of synthesis reaction

  8. C. Decomposition • a compound breaks down into 2 or more simpler substances • only one reactant AB  A + B

  9. C. Decomposition 2 H2O(l)  2 H2(g) + O2(g)

  10. C. Decomposition • Products: • binary - break into elements • others - hard to tell KBr(l)  K(s) + Br2(l) 2 2 2NaHCO3(s) Na2CO3(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)

  11. D. Single Displacement or Replacement • one element replaces another in a compound • metal replaces metal (+) • nonmetal replaces nonmetal (-) • Halogens are replaced by a more reactive halogen A + BC  B + AC

  12. D. Single Displacement or Replacement Cu(s) + 2AgNO3(aq)  Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2Ag(s)

  13. D. Single Displacement or Replacement • Products: • metal  metal (+) • nonmetal  nonmetal (-) • free element must be more active(check activity series) Fe(s)+ CuSO4(aq)  Cu(s)+ FeSO4(aq) Br2(l)+ NaCl(aq)  N.R.

  14. Activity Series of the Metals • Lithium • Potassium • Calcium • Sodium • Magnesium • Aluminum • Zinc • Chromium • Iron • Nickel • Tin • Lead • Hydrogen • Bismuth • Copper • Mercury • Silver • Platinum • Gold Metals can replace other metals provided that they are above the metal that they are trying to replace. Metals above hydrogen can replace hydrogen in acids. Metals from sodium upward can replace hydrogen in water

  15. The Activity Series of the Halogens • Fluorine • Chlorine • Bromine • Iodine Halogens can replace other halogens in compounds, provided that they are above the halogen that they are trying to replace. 2NaCl(s) + F2(g)  2NaF(s) + Cl2(g) MgCl2(s) + Br2(g)  No Reaction

  16. E. Double Displacement or Replacement • ions in two compounds “change partners” • cation of one compound combines with anion of the other AB + CD  AD + CB

  17. E. Double Displacement or Replacement Pb(NO3)2(aq) + K2CrO4(aq)  PbCrO4(s) + 2KNO3(aq)

  18. E. Double Displacement or Replacement • Products: • switch negative ions • one product must be insoluble(check solubility table) Pb(NO3)2(aq)+ KI(aq)  2 2 PbI2(s)+ KNO3(aq) NaNO3(aq)+ KI(aq)  N.R.

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