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Enhancing SCADA & IIoT Networks: Radio vs. Cellular Migration in the 3G to 5G Era

Explore the complexities of migrating SCADA & IIoT networks from radio to cellular technologies, focusing on 3G, 4G, and 5G transitions. Discover the benefits, challenges, and security considerations of this evolution. Get insights on network technologies, protocols, data usage, and migration strategies. Engage in discussions on enhancing plant and remote site communications through cellular systems.

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Enhancing SCADA & IIoT Networks: Radio vs. Cellular Migration in the 3G to 5G Era

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  1. Automation Committee WorkshopPresentation 3 Radio Versus Cellular and Migrating to 3G to 4G or 5G

  2. SCADA and IIoT Network Technologies - Variety • Licensed and Unlicensed • IP Based and Legacy • Broadband and Narrowband • Private, Public and Government • 3G, 4G, 5G • High Power and Very Low Power • IIoT Networks LoRA, • SCADA Protocols – DNP3.0, MODBUS, MDLC

  3. RTU SCADA Networks Technologies – Variety SCADA Server SCADA Server FEP Radio Networks RTU CELL Networks RTU RTU RTU IIoT Networks RTU RTU RTU RTU

  4. Remote Station Remote Station Remote Station Remote Station SCADA System on Cellular & VLAN Cellular Network & VLAN Plant #2 Plant #1

  5. Radio Networks vs. Cellular Networks • Availability • Resiliency • Maintainability • Performance - Response Time • Bit-rate • Multiple Sessions • Interface with Legacy RTUs/PLCs • Data Usage – Unsolicited mode (DNP3.0, Motorola MDLC) • Peer to Peer Communications • Cyber Security • VPN • Encryption

  6. R R R R R SCADA & IIoT Networks – Complete View IIoT UI SCADA Mobile Data Center SMS/Email SCADA Server Data Center - Redundant Internet Cyber Security LAN VLAN SMS/Email SCADA Server FEP VLAN Wireless Networks FEP SCADA Remote Site IIoT Devices R Wireless Communication Device RTU/PLC

  7. How to Secure Smooth Migration to Cellular? • Plan & Coordinate – plan with IT • Have all information in place, such as Network Topology, information from the Service Provider (i.e. Static IP and VPN) and contacts information for support • Network – consider keeping radios for redundancy, at least in Mission Critical sites • Each team member has clear idea on responsibilities • Side by Side Systems • Add a NEW SCADA server, separated from the one in Production • If needed (i.e. in case direct connectivity to the cellular network) - have a Separate FEP/FIU • Lab RTU/PLC – first tests will be in a lab environment • Migrate • Be ready with a roll-back procedure • Consider keeping radios for redundancy

  8. Discussion Questions Is your company or municipality looking to implement cellular communication between facilities and/or remote sites? Why or why not? What data would you like to see from a plant or remote site that you can’t get due to slow radio networks? Have you considered using DNP3.0 Protocol? And are you aware of its benefit for data over cellular networks?

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