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Today’s Agenda

Today’s Agenda. Review drafts of Lab 1 instructions Sign Ups for History Minute - Jansson Text history Presentation (today I will begin our history journey) –history doesn’t repeat itself but it sure does rhyme-Mark Twain The Legacy of the Welfare State

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Today’s Agenda

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  1. Today’s Agenda • Review drafts of Lab 1 instructions • Sign Ups for History Minute -Jansson Text history Presentation (today I will begin our history journey) –history doesn’t repeat itself but it sure does rhyme-Mark Twain • The Legacy of the Welfare State • Approaches and Aspects of Social Policy Strategy

  2. Policy History Presentation • Objectives: • Historically Situate Era • In relation to earlier and later periods • Identify Social Welfare Problems • What are the causes and manifestations • Identify Welfare Policy • Both direction and substance • Identify and Discuss Out-groups • Questions p.23 Jansson • Identify Notable Individuals • Explain why they are notable, use outside sources. • Discuss Significance of themes for today. • Are the same issues being faced... Are the same policies in place

  3. -The Legacy of the Welfare State (Chapter 2)- Fashioning a New Society in the Wilderness (Chapter 3)

  4. The Legacy of The Welfare State A Creation Story

  5. The Legacy of the U.S. Welfare State • How Did it Come To Be? • This is necessary to understanding today’s structures, we will give serious consideration to this on Group presentation Days. (Jansson History Days) • One Word Description of its historical legacy: • Reluctant • the Jansson text illustrates this point well: sociologically and thoroughly • Video Clip 2 min- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J05DL2hdVwA&feature=related

  6. Understanding Where Colonists Came From • Poverty in 1500’s England • Noblesse Oblige • Catholics: tradition of sharing wealth • Protestants: giving as a moral duty • Most charity in 1600’s and earlier from private philanthropies and religious institutions http://www.bl.uk/whatson/exhibitions/trading/world4.htm l

  7. Inheriting European Policies • Elizabethan Poor Law Act of 1601 • England consolidated laws assigning welfare roles to local parishes • when parishes can’t meet need, counties required to assume responsibility • Gvt thus becomes chief enforcer of poor relief, supplanting the Church of England • (Source: Macionis 8th ed. 2001:11) http://www.bl.uk/whatson/exhibitions/trading/world4.htm l Queen Elizabeth I (1533-1603). Queen of England and Ireland. Two Forms Of Aid…

  8. Outdoor relief: aid to persons in their homes, cash or in-kind http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/journal_of_interdisciplinary_history/v035/35.3mcintosh.html

  9. Indoor relief: • aid to persons on condition of being in institutions, • almshouses/poorhouses/workhouses or required to be indentured servants or apprentices much more punitive http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/journal_of_interdisciplinary_history/v035/35.3mcintosh.html

  10. Depiction of 1837 Poor Laws Workhouse http://learningcurve.pro.gov.uk/snapshots/snapshot08/snapshot8.htm

  11. Economic Change Prompts WS Change • (Source: Macionis 8th ed. 2001:11) • Hunter Gatherer --> Agrarian --> Industrialization • Urbanization • loss of family/local community economic support. • workers consequently exposed to a variety of hazards • illness • unemployment or injury on the job • Also extremes of life phases (i.e. before and after market employment) need caregiving • Childhood and old age • (Source: Macionis 8th ed. 2001:11)

  12. Economic Change Prompts WS Change • (Source: Macionis 8th ed. 2001:11) • These problems (work hazards & ages of non-productivity and need for care): • previously perceived as family and community responsibilities. • require protections as substitutes for the family/community goods and services available in simpler times. • Historically varied attempts to satisfy these new needs. • (Source: Macionis 8th ed. 2001:11)

  13. Varying Responses to Modernization’s Social Welfare Needs Trade unions to protect members by winning benefits through collective bargaining Private Charity Foundationsand Benevolent Societies Mutual Benefit Societies to protect members thru insurance plans Traditional American individualism and self- Reliance Government action, including swps, in response to popular demand URBANIZATION AND INDUSTRIALIZATION MODERNIZATION • Source: Katz MSU

  14. http://www.fathermcgivney.org/mcg/index.cfm Founded 1882 Back http://www.kofc.org/about/history/founder/index.cfm

  15. Back • Video Clip St. Vincent DePaul Angela’s Ashes http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6zLpf1XDNko http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0145653/

  16. Progressive Era Notice Outgroups: Who are they? How do these different groups interact and where is social welfare present in this excerpt from “Gangs of New York”? 1846/62 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Idp7fLSo-nE Boy released from Hellgate-through “ I would shoot each one of them before setting foot on soil” Multiple Race/Ethnic Groups and Different Economy- some of many reasons for differences between England and US

  17. Triangular Passage Source: http://www.juneteenth.com/mp2.htm

  18. Slave Shipshttp://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/ushisgov/themes/immigration/laws.htm

  19. Slave Trade • Triangular trade system - named because the ships embarked from European ports, stopped in Africa to gather the captives, after which they set out for the New World to deliver their human cargo, and then returned to the port of origin. (like a triangle) • The Middle Passage was that leg of the slave triangle that brought the human cargo from West Africa to North America, South America, and the Caribbean.

  20. Fashioning a New Society in the Wilderness Chapter 3

  21. Now that We’ve established that the Colonists were going to be different, and that they needed to adjust to industrialization, the question was how:The Most Eventful Debate is part of the Federalist Papers..

  22. http://www.pbs.org/jefferson/ http://www.hamiltonlives.com/ Thomas Jefferson Alexander Hamilton The Constitution • The Federalist Papers • Strong Executive Branch • Centralized Gvt • Efficient • Elitist • Strong People • Decentralized • Egalitarian • Democratic Video: Alexander Hamilton takes Jefferson to school http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=notJuFGXQ9w&feature=related

  23. Who Won? • Washington Usually Sided with Hamilton • 1800, Jefferson narrowly defeated Adams for president • Jefferson served 2 terms • With few exceptions all 19th century presidents (1800’s) subscribed to Jefferson’s view of limited government. • ** Strong defense of the federal government’s role in social welfare is relatively recent in America’s history. • If Hamilton and the Federalists had dominated, we might have a very different welfare system, federal centralization might have occurred much earlier than the new deal.

  24. What Happened to Hamilton? http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/duel/ Got Milk Video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OLSsswr6z9Y http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/duel/peopleevents/pande17.html

  25. This trickled through the following periods… • Explains why Federal Social Security and Means Tested wasn’t enacted until 1935. • Currently moving to reverse this trend, from federal back to the states, will see this with TANF. http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/trade/files/century.pdf

  26. Beyond here FYI

  27. http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/trade/files/century.pdf

  28. Progressive Era Policy Changes Over Time

  29. Progressive Era Policy Changes Over Time

  30. http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/trade/files/century.pdf

  31. http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/trade/files/century.pdf

  32. http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/trade/files/century.pdf

  33. http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/trade/files/century.pdf

  34. http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/trade/files/century.pdf

  35. http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/trade/files/century.pdf

  36. http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/trade/files/century.pdf

  37. Starobin • Nanny State= • social justice concern • Daddy State= • public order concern • Minimal State= • do as little as possible.

  38. http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/trade/files/century.pdf

  39. Quadagno Quadagno Presidential Address

  40. The following slides are for your interest only, not part of class notes.

  41. Benjamin Rush • Philadelphia Physician • Committee of Inspection and Observation • to implement measures passed at the Continental Congress 1774 • advocated need to develop public education system • advocated temperance, lead to American Temperance Movement • Crusade Against Slavery

  42. Additional Information, FYI

  43. Understanding Where Colonists Came From:The Constitution • John Locke (1600’s) (limited gvt, free speech, secularism, optimism, science, use of reason to discover natural laws -English Enlightenment) • gvt did not exist in the “state of nature” • instead, citizens developed a “contract” for a limited gvt when they discovered some people attacked and robbed others • citizens constructed gvt to preserve law and order • to avoid despots, checks and balances

  44. Understanding Where Colonists Came From:The Constitution • Adam Smith • questioned excessive governmental intrusion into private matters • Voltaire • opposed state religions

  45. Precursors to a Reluctant Welfare State • Cultural themes: • emphasis on individualism • limited gvt • Political themes: • lack of large class of landless people • subjugation of people of color • so little pressure to redistribute land or resources

  46. Precursors to a Reluctant Welfare State • Institutional themes: • weak centralized government • relatively weak local jurisdictions

  47. Review Activity: For each time period, indicate the Stage of the US Welfare State

  48. US Welfare State _____________ _____________ _____________ Source:Kendall

  49. US Welfare State _____________ _____________ Source:Kendall

  50. http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/trade/files/century.pdf • Source for Century Info

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