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Pork, the other white meat

Pork, the other white meat. Chapter #8. What are the types of Hogs?. Primary Lean Cuts = hams, loins, picnics, Boston Butts Meat Type Hog: more than half the weight of a Number 1 animal is Primary Lean Cuts Bacon Type Hog: less than 1/2 is PLC large litter size

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Pork, the other white meat

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  1. Pork, the other white meat Chapter #8

  2. What are the types of Hogs? • Primary Lean Cuts = hams, loins, picnics, Boston Butts • Meat Type Hog: more than half the weight of a Number 1 animal is Primary Lean Cuts • Bacon Type Hog: less than 1/2 is PLC • large litter size • little value in U.S. except to increase litter size

  3. Hog Selection • Feed Conversion Rate: pounds of feed needed to make a pound of hog • no more than 4 lbs of feed per 1 lb of hog • Minimum Litter Size = 9 • First Litter should have a combined pig wt at 21 days of 95 lbs or more • 110 lbs for a mature sow

  4. Hog Management Programs • All-in-one: all pigs are at the same stage of development • buy feeder pigs, finish, market, repeat • no breeding stock • income all at once • Staggered or Continuous Flow: costantly raise pigs of all ages • farrow all year long • constant supply of income

  5. Feeding Hogs • Need more protein & vitamins than ruminants • lots of water - succeptable to heat stress • Feeders need lots of protein • Finishing needs lots of energy • Crude Protein = total protein in feed, not all is used by the animal • Digestible Protein = amount of protein that the animal can actually use

  6. Feeding Hogs • Antibiotics often added to feed to prevent disease, grow faster • Full Feeding: animals get all the feed that they want (self feeder) • usually not done with breeding stock, if sows are too fat, they won’t get pregnant • Hand Feeding: animals are fed rations at chore time

  7. Hog Management • Sanitation is critical • facilities should be easy to clean - concrete • inspect new pigs • clean pens whenever pigs are moved • isolate new pigs for 3 weeks • Cholera can wipe out an entire herd • Chester White needs sun protection • sunburn • Pens = maximum of 30 pigs / pen

  8. Breeding • Flush sows before breeding • increasing level of nutrition • 4 days before farrowing, put sows in farrowing crate (disinfect pen & sow) • Heat lamp on babies • Exercise sow daily • 3 Days old - clip needle teeth

  9. Breeding • 10 days old - begin creep feeding (feed for the babies only) • 1 month - vaccinate & castrate males • 2 monthes (30 lbs) - wean

  10. Livestock Terms • What do you call a mature male hog? Boar • What do you call a mature female hog? Sow • What do you call the act of giving birth? Farrowing • What do you call a castrated male hog? Barrow

  11. Livestock Terms • What do you call an young female hog? Gilt • What is the gestation for hogs? 114 days or 3 months, 3 weeks, & 3 days

  12. Berkshire

  13. Chester White

  14. Duroc

  15. Hampshire

  16. Landrace

  17. Poland China

  18. Spots

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