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Understanding Anthropology: A Comprehensive Overview

Dive into the world of anthropology covering Cultural, Archaeological, Linguistic, and Physical aspects. Explore human evolution, culture, language, and scientific methods in this intriguing study of humankind.

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Understanding Anthropology: A Comprehensive Overview

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  1. Chapter 1 Introduction

  2. Chapter Outline • What is Anthropology? • Cultural Anthropology • Archaeology • Linguistic Anthropology • Physical Anthropology • Physical Anthropology and the Scientific Method • The Anthropological Perspective • Issue: Evaluation in Science

  3. Hominids • Humans are hominids, belonging to the taxonomic family Hominidae. • Bipedalism, walking on two legs, is a critical feature of the hominids. • Humans are members of the Order Primates, the group of mammals that includes prosimians, monkeys and apes.

  4. Strategies humans use to adapt to their natural environment: Culture

  5. What Is Anthropology? • The study of humankind. • Integrates sociology, economics, history, psychology, and biology. • Comprises three subfields: • cultural anthropology • Archaeology • physical, or biological, anthropology

  6. Culture and Evolution • Over time, cultural and biology interacted. • Humans are said to be the result of bioculturalevolution. • Biocultural interactions resulted in anatomical, biological and behavioral changes.

  7. Cultural Anthropology • Studies all aspects of human behavior. • Subfields: • Urban anthropology deals with issues of inner cities. • Medical anthropology explores relationship between culture and health.

  8. Archaeology • Study and interpretation of material remains recovered from earlier cultures. • Information about culture comes from artifacts and material culture left by early hominids.

  9. Linguistic Anthropology • Study of the origin of language and speech. • The use of language is a unique human characteristic.

  10. Relationship Between Culture and Language • How do members of a society perceive phenomena? • How does the use of language shape perceptions?

  11. Physical Anthropology • Study of human biology in the framework of evolution. • Many physical anthropologists emphasize the interaction between biology and culture.

  12. Subfields of Physical Anthropology • Paleoanthropology - study of human evolution • Anthropometry - measurement of human body parts • Primatology - study of nonhuman primates • Osteology - study of skeletons

  13. Evolution A change in the genetic makeup of a population from one generation to the next. • Genetic alterations within populations: microevolution. • Genetic change resulting in the appearance of a new species: macroevolution.

  14. Physical Anthropologyand the Scientific Method • State the research problem. • Develop a hypothesis. • Test the hypothesis through data collection and analysis. • If the hypothesis is verified, it becomes a theory.

  15. Physical Anthropology as a Part of the Scientific Study of Humans

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