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ZigBee & TinyOS

ZigBee & TinyOS. TinyOS and ZigBee are not competitive TinyOS – Operating System, Tool Chain, Component Library ZigBee – Hybrid-Mesh Protocol on Top of 802.15.4 Recently Ratified Home-Automation Oriented Powered Backbone I.e., Hybrid-Mesh Crossbow is active member of ZigBee Alliance

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ZigBee & TinyOS

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  1. ZigBee & TinyOS • TinyOS and ZigBee are not competitive • TinyOS – Operating System, Tool Chain, Component Library • ZigBee – Hybrid-Mesh Protocol on Top of 802.15.4 • Recently Ratified • Home-Automation Oriented • Powered Backbone I.e., Hybrid-Mesh • Crossbow is active member of ZigBee Alliance • Crossbow is developing ZigBee stack on-top of X-Mesh built in nesC/TinyOS

  2. TinyOS and Zigbee • TinyOS on MicaZ and Zigbee both use an 802.15.4 physical layer • RF signaling mechanisms are the same) • The Zigbee Protocol Layer is being implemented in XMesh/TinyOS by Crossbow • XMesh/TinyOS applications and Zigbee enabled TinyOS applications can coexist seamlessly • Hundreds of TinyOS applications can tie into Zigbee networks and future Zigbee network devices can be tied into XMesh based networks

  3. XMesh Zigbee Stack • Implementation of standard Zigbee abstractions in the TinyOS component framework. • Command and event structure of TinyOS makes applications easily to develop and highly portable. App App ZigbeeDeviceControl Application Support Layer Network Support Layer MAC Layer 802.15.4(CC2420)

  4. TinyOS XMesh Stack App App • TinyOS apps can be written to use XMesh, Queued Send or direct Active Messages • “Zigbee” is just another TinyOS Service like XMesh App App XMesh Multi-hop Network routing and discovery Queued Send Buffer Active Messages Delivery Layer (AM) MAC Layer 802.15.4(CC2420)

  5. TinyOS Routing + Zigbee Compatibility App • Apps can use Zigbee, XMesh, AM or a combination • Bridging apps on routing nodes can route across both types of network App App App (bridge/combine) App ZigbeeDeviceControl XMesh Multi-hop Network routing and discovery Queued Send Buffer Application Support Layer Active Messages Delivery Layer (AM) Network Support Layer Auto-dispatch(FrameType) Dual function MAC layer 802.15.4(CC2420)

  6. Network Architecture XMesh Com. Zigbee Pan Com. Hybrid Mote Reliable XMesh routing links to Third-party Zigbeedevices Hybrid Mote Hybrid Mote PC Hybrid Mote Hybrid Mote

  7. Overhead for dual-function devices • CPU processing: none • TinyOS’s event based processing only uses CPU resources when necessary, extra protocol implementations only used when necessary • Flash Memory: Size increase 8-12K • RAM Memory: Size increase of 40-80 bytes

  8. Application Interface • TinyOS component model easily moves apps from basic AM to XMesh to Zigbee • Simple recompile • Zigbee and Active Messages provides to applications through simple event-based interface • Just as an app can easily be moved from AM to XMesh, it can be easily adapted to Zigbee by using the TinyOS component model

  9. MICAz and IEEE802.15.4/ZigBee

  10. Main Features of the IEEE 802.15.4 Standard • Data rates of 250 kbits/s in 2.4 GHz RF band • 16 channels, 2 MHz wide in the 2.4 GHz ISM band • CSMA-CA channel access • 128 Bit AES encryption in Hardware • Low power consumption • CC2420: Transmit = 18 mA; Receive = 20 mA @1 mW • All of PHY and part of MAC layers implemented in hardware • For more information visit: www.ieee802.org/15/

  11. 802.15.4 and 802.11b Spectrum Relationship • Co-exists with WiFi, Bluetooth • Channel selection is important Note: Channels 25, 26 are non-overlapping 5 MHz Spacing 802.15.4: Ch. 11 to Ch. 26 Ch. 15 Ch. 20 Ch. 20 Ch. 26 2405 MHz 2480 MHz 2 MHz 802.11: Ch. 1 to Ch. 11 25 MHz Spacing Ch. 1 Ch. 6 Ch. 11 22 MHz 2412 MHz 2425 MHz 2437 MHz 2450 MHz 2462 MHz 2475 MHz

  12. 802.15.4 and 802.11b Channels No overlaps with 802.11

  13. WiFi & 802.15.4/Zigbee Co-exitence Study • Continuous data transfer on WiFi enabled Stargate • Hi-power and low-power card • XMesh (surge_reliable) mesh, 6 MICAz nodes measured • Low-power card test

  14. WiFi & 802.15.4/Zigbee Co-existence Study (cont’d) • Low-power Card Test

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