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Labor-Management Relations

Labor-Management Relations. Federal legislation re: labor-management power labor unions Labor policies and legislation wages and income maintenance employment security hours and schedules of work employee services and benefits. Federal Legislation.

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Labor-Management Relations

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  1. Labor-Management Relations • Federal legislation re: labor-management power • labor unions • Labor policies and legislation • wages and income maintenance • employment security • hours and schedules of work • employee services and benefits

  2. Federal Legislation • Norris-LaGuardia Act (1932) • restricted ability of employers to obtain federal injunction against strike activities by union • Wagner Act (1935) [National Labor Relations Act] • right to join union without interference or discrimination • allowance made for collective bargaining • established NLRB • established procedures to follow in unfair labor practices cases

  3. Federal Legislation • Taft-Hartley Act (1947) • prevented unions from coercing employees to form • outlawed union shop (employee must join union) • outlawed closed shop (employer can hire only union members) • required participation in collective bargaining

  4. Federal Legislation • Landrum-Griffin Act (1959) [Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act] • established bill of rights for union worker • required financial disclosure by union • set procedures to elect union officials • provided civil and criminal procedures to prosecute union financial abuses • Is unionization + or - ?

  5. Wage and Income Management • Fairness vs. costs • Unions have established wage scales and merit pay policies • Fair Labor Standards Act (1938) • purpose = prevent another Depression (eliminate poverty, create purchasing power) • established minimum wage

  6. Wages and Income Maintenance • Social Security Act (1935) • unemployment compensation • purpose = income maintenance between jobs • criteria • not a new employee • be able and willing to work • be out of a job through no fault of their own • regulations vary by state

  7. Wages and Income Maintenance • Equal Pay Act (1963) • equalpay for equalwork (no discrimination on basis of gender) • time and a half for >40 hrs/week

  8. Hours and Schedules of Work • Fair Labor Standards Act • minimum wage • 40-hour work week or equivalent • controls employment of minors • Union contracts • negotiate schedules, breaks • State laws vary

  9. Employment Security/ Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) • Civil Rights Act (1964) • no discrimination on basis of race, color, national origin • Title VII: includes action by employers, employment agencies, labor unions • Title VII extension (1974) • no discrimination on basis of religion and gender

  10. Employment Security • Age Discrimination in Employment Act (1967) • protects older workers (40-70) • Pregnancy Discrimination Act (1978) • no discrimination on basis of pregnancy, childbirth, related medical conditions

  11. Employment Security • Civil Rights Act of 1991 • relaxed burden of proof • allowed for damages for pain and suffering • i.e. more likely that employees will sue to uphold the law

  12. Employment Security • Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA, 1990) • no discrimination on basis of disabilityIF person is able to do the job with reasonable accommodation • pre-employment: cannot ask about disability, medical history, physical exam • can ask about performing certain tasks, require post-interview physical for everyone

  13. Employment Security • Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 • illegal to recruit or hire anyone not legally eligible for U.S. employment • I-9 form required

  14. Employment Security • Other considerations: • sexual harassment • quotas for hiring • quota = fixed, inflexible % or # of positions to be filled • Affirmative Action vs. reverse discrimination • Risks to security: • unemployment • physical impairment • old age • Risks of security?

  15. Employee Services and Benefits • Health and safety • Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA, 1970) • provide safe working conditions • worker’s compensation insurance • Family and Medical Leave Act (1993) • allows for unpaid leave for adoption, care for ill family members • Health insurance • Flexible Benefit plans • Accident insurance

  16. Employee Services and Benefits • Economic • Social Security Act • pension, retirement • profit-sharing • vacations, holidays, sick leave • Convenience and comfort • morale builders

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