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Vocabulary for Today….

Vocabulary for Today…. Nucleotide Nucleic Acid DNA. NUCLEOTIDES. Hereditary Information Controls Life Processes. Atoms of elements (C,H,O,P,N). Nucleotides -3 parts: a. phosphate b. sugar c. nitrogen base.

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Vocabulary for Today….

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  1. Vocabulary for Today…. Nucleotide Nucleic Acid DNA

  2. NUCLEOTIDES

  3. Hereditary Information Controls Life Processes • Atoms of elements (C,H,O,P,N) • Nucleotides -3 parts:a.phosphate • b.sugar • c.nitrogen base All these create HEREDITY (Chemical instructions passed from parents to the offspring at reproduction) • Nucleic Acids - 2 types: a.RNA • b.DNA • Gene- sequence of DNA nucleotides on a chromosome that code for one characteristic • Chromosomes- long thread like group of genes found in the nucleus • Nucleus Cell

  4. Nucleotides General Structure: Nitrogen Base Sugar Phosphate

  5. A. Phosphate Structure of Nucleotides: • Supplies “NRG” (energy) for: • Making Nucleic Acid (DNA & RNA) Molecules which create HEREDITY for the organism • Replication- making exact copies of Nucleic Acids • Protein Synthesis B. Nitrogen Bases: • Adenine • Guanine • Thymine (DNA) or Uracil (RNA) • Cytosine

  6. Ribose: 5-Carbon Sugar (Pentose) Has one more Oxygen than deoxyribose Deoxyribose 5-Carbon Sugar (Pentose) Has one less Oxygen than ribose C. Sugars: 2 types

  7. Nucleotides are “Building Blocks” for the 2 types of Nucleic Acids A. Deoxyribonucleotides B. Ribonucleotides Make RNA: RiboNucleic Acid - Make DNA: DeoxyriboNucleic Acid - Types of Nitrogen Bases: - Cytosine (C) Guanine (G) Adenine (A) Thymine (T) - 2 Chemical differences between DNA and RNA are: 1. DNA has Deoxyribose sugar 2. DNA Has Thymine D R • - Cytosine (C) • Guanine (G) • Adenine (A) • Uracil (U) • 1. RNA has Ribose sugar • 2. RNA Has Uracil P NB NB P

  8. Heredity is established by… …The number and sequence of the nucleotides. This is how we get our genetic diversity.

  9. Review! • What are the building blocks for nucleic acids? • Nucleotides! • What are the 2 types of Nucleic Acids? • DNA & RNA • What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide? • Phosphate • 5-Carbon Sugar • (Deoxyribose or ribose) • Nitrogen Base

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