Biological Data - Redwoods

1. Biological Data - Redwoods • Enderts (ref), Damnation Ck. (ref) and False Klamath Cove (discharge) • Cox: Comprehensive (and community dynamics) surveys • Algae absent from discharge site: Calliiarthron tuberculosum, Grateloupia setchellii, Haplogloia andersonnii, Pterygophora californica and Pikea robusta • Algae present only at discharge site Odonthalia washingtoniensis • Raimondi: Comprehensive surveys and cluster analysis • Damnation Creek is pristine and remote, differs from other sites

2. Biological Data - Trinidad • Craig (HSU) used a Log-normal model of abundance and diversity • total of 23 species were recorded, 10 macrophyte and 13 invertebrate species • reported the same species present at both the outfall site, and the “undisturbed” reference location • abundance was different between outfall and reference sites

3. Biological Data - Del Mar Landing • Sones (BML) • eight biological measures: species richness, sessile invertebrate cover, sessile invertebrate diversity, mobile invertebrate abundance, mobile invertebrate diversity, algal cover, algal diversity, and total cover • pooled the raw data prior to statistical analysis and found no significant difference between discharge and reference sites

4. Biological Data - Fitzgerald • Raimondi: Comprehensive surveys and cluster analysis • Fitzgerald clustered out with a series of central coast sites, including Pigeon Point, Andrew Molera, Mill Creek and Rancho Marino • Tenera: transects with quadrats, multivariate analysis, discharge and reference • differences in species abundances between transects were statistically significant. • most of the species were more abundant at outfall transect

5. Biological Data – Ano Nuevo, Point Lobos, Carmel Bay and Julia Pfeiffer Burns • Raimondi: Comprehensive surveys and cluster analysis • Species richness of the ASBS sites in the central coast region range from 75-92 species. • Año Nuevo differs from all other sites in the central coast region, has somewhat degraded condition (due to elephant seals?). • Point Lobos differs from all other sites along the central coast due to topography. The species composition of this site is not suggestive of a degraded state. • Stillwater Cove in Carmel Bay is most similar to a site to the south, Point Sierra Nevada. These two sites are then most similar to Point Lobos. • The lowest richness, 75, was found at Partington Point in Julia Pfeiffer Burns ASBS, but this was not atypical of reference sites in the central coast. • Partington Point is similar to another Big Sur site, Lucia, with similar geomorphology.

6. Biological Data – Pacific Grove • Tenera survey: to investigate the effects of visitor use on the Point Pinos rocky shoreline • Comparison of 1979 SWRCB survey to new survey in 2002 • lack of sea palms (Postelsia palmaeformis) in 2002, unknown cause

7. Biological Data – Laguna to Latigo ASBS • Ambrose: review of existing data • Re: Raimondi: Paradise Cove was reported to be most similar to the community at Alegria, a site south of Point Conception that has little human disturbance. • Ambrose proposes Paradise Cove as a reference site and a gradient transect sampling for two representative discharge sites (MUG 232 and MUG 430) • Also considered sandy beach communities - insufficient data to relate discharge conditions to reference conditions

8. Biological Data – Irvine Coast ASBS • Raimondi: Comprehensive surveys and cluster analysis • Invasive Sargassummuticum and Caulacanthus ustulatus are both found at Crystal Cove. • Species diversity suggest anthropogenic impact (extraction, trampling and other more indirect effects). • Number and particularly size distributions of key species (like seastars and owl limpets) are lower than would be expected in a protected area. • Crystal Cove groups with Dana Point and Scripps (Dike Rock)

9. Biological Data – Irvine Coast ASBS • MBC for State Parks: • Purpose was characterization of the resource, not a pollution study • Two sites: Reef Point (S) and Treasure Cove (N) • Comprehensive approach, transects with photo quadrats

10. Biological Data – La Jolla • Parnell: subtidal surveys, more relevant to MPAs • Data suggests that the reserve is too small to protect harvestable species ; • Comparisons with historical data indicate that most harvested species in the reserve have declined seriously since 1979. • The reserve may function as an enhancive reserve for green abalone in the boulder-reef habitat, red urchins in the kelp habitat, and vermillion rockfish and sheephead in the canyon habitat, since large individuals of these species were observed in higher densities inside the reserve than outside, including the entire area off La Jolla.

11. Biological Data – San Nicolas and San Clemente Islands • Merkel & Associates for Navy • Quantitative intertidal (transects with quadrats) and subtidal (transect) biological surveys • Measured number of taxa and abundance (or percent cover) • comparisons were made to reference conditions within an associated “ecoregion.” • considered differences of 50% in the number of taxa or abundance/cover between any two sites to be in the realm of natural variation.

12. Summary of Biological Data • Mostly rocky intertidal • Some subtidal, mostly at Navy Islands • Different investigators • Different purposes (pollution, visitor use, MPAs) • Variations in survey methods and analysis