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Skeletal System

Skeletal System. Axial & Appendicular. Axial Skeleton. Skull Skull & facial bones Vertebral column Hyoid Thorax Sternum & ribs. The Skull…. Frontal : forehead bone Parietal : paired bones Sagittal Suture: parietal bones meet Coronal suture: parietal bones meet frontal. The Skull….

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Skeletal System

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  1. Skeletal System Axial & Appendicular

  2. Axial Skeleton • Skull • Skull & facial bones • Vertebral column • Hyoid • Thorax • Sternum & ribs

  3. The Skull… • Frontal: forehead bone • Parietal: paired bones • Sagittal Suture: parietal bones meet • Coronal suture: parietal bones meet frontal

  4. The Skull… • Temporal • Squamous suture: temporal meet parietal • External acoustic meatus • Styloid process • Zygomatic process • Mastoid process

  5. The Skull… • Temporal: form sides of skull • Jugular foramen • Carotid canal

  6. The Skull… • Occipital: forms posterior base • Lambdoid suture: occipital meets parietal • Foramen magnum • Occipital condyles

  7. The Skull… • Sphenoid • “Bat with wings” • Sella turcica • “turkish saddle”  Pituitary gland

  8. The Skull… • Ethmoid • Crista galli: attach brain • Cribiform plates: olfactory nerves • Nasal conchae: nasal cavity

  9. Facial Bones… • Maxilla: upper jaw • Palatine process • Palatine Bone • Mandible: lower jaw • ramus • Zygomatic: cheekbones • Lacrimal: groove for tears • Nasal: bridge of nose • Vomer: nasal septum

  10. Sinuses • Mucus-lined air pockets • Lighten skull • Resonate sound • Sinusitis

  11. Fetal Skull • Fontanels • 25% body length • Closure after 2 yrs.

  12. Hyoid Bone • Does not articulate with any other bone • Supports the tongue, providing attachment sites for some tongue muscles and for muscles of the neck and pharynx • The hyoid bone also helps to keep the larynx (voice box) open at all times

  13. Vertebral Column • 26 irregular bones • 7 cervical (breakfast) • 12 thoracic (lunch) • 5 lumbar (dinner) • Sacrum • coccyx • Protects spinal nerves • Vertebrae separated by fibrocartilage

  14. General Vertebrae

  15. Cervical Vertebrae (7) • Smallest, most dense vertebrae • Atlas (#1) • Yes, tilt • Articulates w/ occipital condyles • No body, no spinous process • Axis (#2) • No • Odontoid process (Dens) • Palpate C7

  16. Thoracic Vertebrae (12) • Heart-shaped body • Downward pointing spinous process • Rib facets

  17. Lumbar Vertebrae (5) • Largest body • Kidney bean-shaped body

  18. Sacrum & Coccyx • Sacrum • 5 fused vertebrae • Sacroiliac joint • Medialsacral crest • Sacral foramina • Sacral hiatus • Coccyx • 3-5 fused veretbrae • Shock absorber

  19. Abnormal curvatures

  20. Sternum • Sternum • Manubrium • Jugular notch • Body • Xiphoid process

  21. Ribs • True: 1-7 • False: 8-12 • Floating 11,12 • Attach to thoracic vertebrae • Costal cartilage

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