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Chapter 1

The Book of Jonah. Chapter 1. Chapter 2. Chapter 3. Chapter 4. Assyrian Theology. The Book of Jonah. Jonah. The word of the LORD came to Jonah son of Amittai: 2 “Go to the great city of Nineveh and preach against it, because its wickedness has come up before me.”. Jonah.

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Chapter 1

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  1. The Book of Jonah Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Assyrian Theology

  2. The Book of Jonah

  3. Jonah The word of the LORD came to Jonah son of Amittai: 2“Go to the great city of Nineveh and preach against it, because its wickedness has come up before me.”

  4. Jonah The word of the LORD came to Jonah son of Amittai: 2“Go to the great city of Nineveh and preach against it, because its wickedness has come up before me.” • II Kings 14 • 23In the fifteenth year of Amaziah son of Joash king of Judah, Jeroboam son of Jehoash king of Israel became king in Samaria, and he reigned forty-one years. 24He did evil in the eyes of the LORD and did not turn away from any of the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat, which he had caused Israel to commit. 25He was the one who restored the boundaries of Israel from Lebo Hamath to the Sea of the Arabah, in accordance with the word of the LORD, the God of Israel, spoken through his servant Jonah son of Amittai, the prophet from Gath Hepher. • Jonah was an existing prophet to the nation of Israel. Neither Jeroboam II nor his people responded.

  5. A Brief history of Israel: Time of the Judges Saul David Solomon Judah Rehoboam Abijah Asa Jehoshaphat Jehoram Ahaziah Athaliah Joash Amaziah Uzzaih Jotham Ahaz Hezekiah Manasseh Amon Josiah Jehoahaz Jehoiakim Jehoiachin Zedikiah 586bc Judah Rehoboam Israel Jeroboam I Nadab Baasha Elah Zimri Omri Ahab Ahaziah Joram Jehu Jehoahaz Jehoash Jeroboam II Zechariah Shallum Menahem Pekahiah Pekah Hoshea 722bc Israel Jeroboam I

  6. Israel Jeroboam I Nadab Baasha Elah Zimri Omri Ahab Ahaziah Joram Jehu Jehoahaz Jehoash Jeroboam II Zechariah Shallum Menahem Pekahiah Pekah Hoshea 722bc Israel 41 years > six months > one month > 10 years > 2 years > 20 years > 9 years >

  7. Jonah The word of the LORD came to Jonah son of Amittai: 2“Go to the great city of Nineveh and preach against it, because its wickedness has come up before me.” • II Kings 14 • 23In the fifteenth year of Amaziah son of Joash king of Judah, Jeroboam son of Jehoash king of Israel became king in Samaria, and he reigned forty-one years. 24He did evil in the eyes of the LORD and did not turn away from any of the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat, which he had caused Israel to commit. 25He was the one who restored the boundaries of Israel from Lebo Hamath to the Sea of the Arabah, in accordance with the word of the LORD, the God of Israel, spoken through his servant Jonah son of Amittai, the prophet from Gath Hepher. • 26The LORD had seen how bitterly everyone in Israel, whether slave or free, was suffering; there was no one to help them. 27And since the LORD had not said he would blot out the name of Israel from under heaven, he saved them by the hand of Jeroboam son of Jehoash.

  8. Jonah The word of the LORD came to Jonah son of Amittai: 2“Go to the great city of Nineveh and preach against it, because its wickedness has come up before me.” • II Kings 14 (God was merciful to evil people.) • 23In the fifteenth year of Amaziah son of Joash king of Judah, Jeroboam son of Jehoash king of Israel became king in Samaria, and he reigned forty-one years. 24He did evil in the eyes of the LORD and did not turn away from any of the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat, which he had caused Israel to commit. 25He was the one who restored the boundaries of Israel from Lebo Hamath to the Sea of the Arabah, in accordance with the word of the LORD, the God of Israel, spoken through his servant Jonah son of Amittai, the prophet from Gath Hepher. • 26The LORD had seen how bitterly everyone in Israel, whether slave or free, was suffering; there was no one to help them. 27And since the LORD had not said he would blot out the name of Israel from under heaven, he saved them by the hand of Jeroboam son of Jehoash.

  9. Jonah • The word of the LORD came to Jonah son of Amittai: 2“Go to the great city of Nineveh and preach against it, because its wickedness has come up before me.” • Seven miles of massive wall • four square miles • laid out better than Chicago • center of Ishtar worship • (fertility/sex, war) • war experts ~ iron • extremely violent/cruel • really good at carving stone!

  10. The Assyrian army was feared for many reasons one including the use of iron in their weapons. The Assyrians were the first to use iron in spears, swords, shields and armor. They even tipped their battering rams for extra effectiveness. When the Assyrians first attacked their enemies with these awesome novelties of war, it caused almost as profound a reaction as the atom bomb has in our time. Against iron spears and swords, bronze shields were useless. The Assyrians had the most advanced weapons of their time. Their arrows were tipped in iron, the strongest metal of the time. Their bowmen were also among the worlds finest. They had heavy chariots drawn by two horses and had a crew of two, the driver and an archer. Later, a third man was added to protect the rear and a spare horse was hitched at the rear. They introduced cavalry and an accurate sling and developed siege craft with siege towers, battering rams and hand propelled vehicles with armor protection. source link

  11. Jonah The word of the LORD came to Jonah son of Amittai: 2“Go to the great city of Nineveh and preach against it, because its wickedness has come up before me.” Jonah had been a prophet to Israel and Jeroboam II (no response to the message) He had seen God be good to evil people before. Apparently, he was not good with that. (Why be sent to preach if there wasn’t a legitimate chance of salvation?)

  12. Jonah The word of the LORD came to Jonah son of Amittai: 2“Go to the great city of Nineveh and preach against it, because its wickedness has come up before me.” Jonah had been a prophet to Israel and Jeroboam II (no response to the message) He had seen God be good to evil people before. Apparently, he was not good with that. This was a somewhat scary assignment seeing that the Assyrians were know to torture to death.

  13. Jonah The word of the LORD came to Jonah son of Amittai: 2“Go to the great city of Nineveh and preach against it, because its wickedness has come up before me.” 3But Jonah ran away from the LORD and headed for Tarshish . He went down to Joppa, where he found a ship bound for that port. After paying the fare, he went aboard and sailed for Tarshish to flee from the LORD. Disobedience can be expensive and time consuming!

  14. Jonah 4Then the LORD sent a great wind on the sea, and such a violent storm arose that the ship threatened to break up. 5All the sailors were afraid and each cried out to his own god. And they threw the cargo into the sea to lighten the ship. Their gods weren’t helping . . . (experiential theology)

  15. Jonah 4Then the LORD sent a great wind on the sea, and such a violent storm arose that the ship threatened to break up. 5All the sailors were afraid and each cried out to his own god. And they threw the cargo into the sea to lighten the ship. But Jonah had gone below deck, where he lay down and fell into a deep sleep. 6The captain went to him and said, “How can you sleep? Get up and call on your god! Maybe he will take notice of us, and we will not perish.” Theology ~ “Our gods are worthless.” What has yours got?

  16. Jonah 4Then the LORD sent a great wind on the sea, and such a violent storm arose that the ship threatened to break up. 5All the sailors were afraid and each cried out to his own god. And they threw the cargo into the sea to lighten the ship. But Jonah had gone below deck, where he lay down and fell into a deep sleep. 6The captain went to him and said, “How can you sleep? Get up and call on your god! Maybe he will take notice of us, and we will not perish.” 7Then the sailors said to each other, “Come, let us cast lots to find out who is responsible for this calamity.” They cast lots and the lot fell on Jonah. A means of random determination in most cases, but could be directed by God. (See Luke 1:9)

  17. Jonah • 8So they asked him, “Tell us, who is responsible for making all this trouble for us? What do you do? Where do you come from? What is your country? From what people are you?” • 9He answered, “I am a Hebrew and I worship the LORD, the God of heaven, who made the sea and the land.” • Polytheism ~ sea gods • land gods • mountain gods • Illinois gods (urban, sub-urban, rural) • “You mean that there is an ultimate God?”

  18. Jonah 8So they asked him, “Tell us, who is responsible for making all this trouble for us? What do you do? Where do you come from? What is your country? From what people are you?” 9He answered, “I am a Hebrew and I worship the LORD, the God of heaven, who made the sea and the land.” 10This terrified them and they asked, “What have you done?” (They knew he was running away from the LORD, because he had already told them so.) “You idiot! We are in trouble because of you!”

  19. Jonah 11The sea was getting rougher and rougher. So they asked him, “What should we do to you to make the sea calm down for us?” 12“Pick me up and throw me into the sea,” he replied, “and it will become calm. I know that it is my fault that this great storm has come upon you.” Jonah finally has some compassion for pagans! Even now, however, he chooses death over obedience and compassion for the Assyrians

  20. Jonah 13Instead, the men did their best to row back to land. But they could not, for the sea grew even wilder than before. The pagans are more compassionate than Jonah. (experiential theology: you cannot fight this God and win.)

  21. Jonah 13Instead, the men did their best to row back to land. But they could not, for the sea grew even wilder than before. 14Then they cried to the LORD, “O LORD, please do not let us die for taking this man’s life. Do not hold us accountable for killing an innocent man, for you, O LORD, have done as you pleased. The “pagans” understand their accountability to this God.

  22. Jonah 13Instead, the men did their best to row back to land. But they could not, for the sea grew even wilder than before. 14Then they cried to the LORD, “O LORD, please do not let us die for taking this man’s life. Do not hold us accountable for killing an innocent man, for you, O LORD, have done as you pleased.” 15Then they took Jonah and threw him overboard, and the raging sea grew calm.

  23. Jonah 13Instead, the men did their best to row back to land. But they could not, for the sea grew even wilder than before. 14Then they cried to the LORD, “O LORD, please do not let us die for taking this man’s life. Do not hold us accountable for killing an innocent man, for you, O LORD, have done as you pleased.” 15Then they took Jonah and threw him overboard, and the raging sea grew calm. 16At this the men greatly feared the LORD, and they offered a sacrifice to the LORD and made vows to him. A conversion experience? Does God use Jonah’s disobedience?

  24. Jonah 13Instead, the men did their best to row back to land. But they could not, for the sea grew even wilder than before. 14Then they cried to the LORD, “O LORD, please do not let us die for taking this man’s life. Do not hold us accountable for killing an innocent man, for you, O LORD, have done as you pleased.” 15Then they took Jonah and threw him overboard, and the raging sea grew calm. 16At this the men greatly feared the LORD, and they offered a sacrifice to the LORD and made vows to him. 17But the LORD provided a great fish to swallow Jonah,and Jonah was inside the fish three days and three nights. “provided” ~ a special creation?

  25. Jonah 13Instead, the men did their best to row back to land. But they could not, for the sea grew even wilder than before. 14Then they cried to the LORD, “O LORD, please do not let us die for taking this man’s life. Do not hold us accountable for killing an innocent man, for you, O LORD, have done as you pleased.” 15Then they took Jonah and threw him overboard, and the raging sea grew calm. 16At this the men greatly feared the LORD, and they offered a sacrifice to the LORD and made vows to him. 17But the LORD provided a great fish to swallow Jonah,and Jonah was inside the fish three days and three nights. This cannot possibly happen! The storm and the lots. Is not the miraculous a given?

  26. Applications: • God wants lost people to be found. • I Timothy 2:1-4 • I urge, then, first of all, that requests, prayers, intercession and thanksgiving be made for everyone— for kings and all those in authority, that we may live peaceful and quiet lives in all godliness and holiness. This is good, and pleases God our Savior, who wants all men to be saved and to come to a knowledge of the truth.

  27. Applications: • God wants lost people to be found, even the really bad and gross ones! • sexually immoral • idolaters • adulterers • male prostitutes • homosexual offenders • thieves • greedy • drunkards • slanderers • swindlers • I Cor.6:9 • Mark 2:17 • “It is not the healthy who need a doctor, but the sick. I have not come to call the righteous, but sinners.”

  28. Applications: • God wants lost people to be found, even the really bad and gross ones! • We are no better than they are. (See Romans 2)

  29. Applications: • God wants lost people to be found, even the really bad and gross ones! • We are no better than they are. (See Romans 2) • We are his primary means of reaching them. natural revelation printed material

  30. Applications: • God wants lost people to be found, even the really bad and gross ones! • We are no better than they are. (See Romans 2) • We are his primary means of reaching them. • Where do I start? Those next to you.

  31. Applications: • God wants lost people to be found, even the really bad and gross ones! • We are no better than they are. (See Romans 2) • We are his primary means of reaching them. • Where do I start? Those next to you. • (Being precedes speaking. Idolaters are not good witnesses.)

  32. Jonah

  33. The Book of Jonah Chapter 2

  34. Jonah 2 • From inside the fish Jonah prayed to the LORD his God. 2He said: • “In my distress I called to the LORD, • and he answered me. • From the depths of the grave I called for help, • and you listened to my cry. • 3You hurled me into the deep, • into the very heart of the seas, • and the currents swirled about me; • all your waves and breakers swept over me. • 4I said, ‘I have been banished from your sight; • yet I will look again toward your holy temple.’

  35. Jonah 2 • From inside the fish Jonah prayed to the LORD his God. 2He said: • “In my distress I called to the LORD, • and he answered me. • When life has gotten totally messed up, sometimes it is good to have time to reflect. • How did I get into this anyway? • Oh, yes: disobedience

  36. Jonah 2 • From inside the fish Jonah prayed to the LORD his God. 2He said: • “In my distress I called to the LORD, • and he answered me. • Did Jonah include a false god in his theology? • Every time we disobey, we deify self, • in effect stating that we know better. • (Eden ~ “You will be like God.”)

  37. Jonah 2 • From inside the fish Jonah prayed to the LORD his God. 2He said: • “In my distress I called to the LORD, • and he answered me. • I’ll do it my way. • Not a good idea after all . . .

  38. Jonah 2 • From inside the fish Jonah prayed to the LORD his God. 2He said: • “In my distress I called to the LORD, • and he answered me. • The primary cause of distress: SIN • impersonal ~ Romans 8:18-21; Isaiah 24:4-13 • inflicted ~ other’s sin(s) against you: Psalm 59 • individual ~ my sin: Psalm 32 • remedial ~ God sent/allowed to turn me • Our distress is usually not God’s fault. If it is, we need it to redirect us.

  39. Jonah 2 • From inside the fish Jonah prayed to the LORD his God. 2He said: • “In my distress I called to the LORD, • and he answered me. • The primary cause of distress: SIN • impersonal ~ Romans 8:18-21; Isaiah 24:4-13 • inflicted ~ other’s sin(s) against you: Psalm 59 • individual ~ my sin: Psalm 32 • remedial ~ God sent/allowed to turn me • Our distress is usually not God’s fault. If it is, we need it to redirect us. What is the cause of most distress, other than me? Do we deserve to be answered? Is anyone out of reach? Can we go that low? Psalm 139 God resists our plunge with adversity1 & adversity2 God can make it very, very dark and cold. It can seem very confusing We need to turn before the desperation strikes what it feels like Hope in his mercy

  40. Jonah 2 • From inside the fish Jonah prayed to the LORD his God. 2He said: • “In my distress I called to the LORD, • and he answered me. • Responding to distress: Call out! • impersonal ~ Romans 8:18-21; Isaiah 24:4-13 • inflicted ~ other’s sin(s) against you: Psalm 59 • individual ~ my sin: Psalm 32 • remedial ~ God sent/allowed to turn me What is the cause of most distress, other than me? Do we deserve to be answered? Is anyone out of reach? Can we go that low? Psalm 139 God resists our plunge with adversity1 & adversity2 God can make it very, very dark and cold. It can seem very confusing We need to turn before the desperation strikes what it feels like Hope in his mercy impersonal ~ endurance inflicted ~ deliverance and endurance individual ~ mercy, grace, confession remedial ~ confession, repentance

  41. Jonah 2 • From inside the fish Jonah prayed to the LORD his God. 2He said: • “In my distress I called to the LORD, • and he answered me. Do we deserve an answer? Any answer is an act of Grace!

  42. Jonah 2 • From inside the fish Jonah prayed to the LORD his God. 2He said: • “In my distress I called to the LORD, • and he answered me. • From the depths of the grave I called for help, • and you listened to my cry. • 3You hurled me into the deep, • into the very heart of the seas, • and the currents swirled about me; • all your waves and breakers swept over me. • Is anyone out of reach?

  43. Jonah 2 • From inside the fish Jonah prayed to the LORD his God. 2He said: • “In my distress I called to the LORD, • and he answered me. • From the depths of the grave I called for help, • and you listened to my cry. • 3You hurled me into the deep, • into the very heart of the seas, • and the currents swirled about me; • all your waves and breakers swept over me. • Was Jonah’s willful disobedience really different from the Assyrian’s ignorant disobedience? • (see Romans 2)

  44. Jonah 2 • From inside the fish Jonah prayed to the LORD his God. 2He said: • “In my distress I called to the LORD, • and he answered me. • From the depths of the grave I called for help, • and you listened to my cry. • 3You hurled me into the deep, • into the very heart of the seas, • and the currents swirled about me; • all your waves and breakers swept over me. God resists our plunge with tough discipline at times. God can make it very, very dark and cold.

  45. Jonah 2 • From inside the fish Jonah prayed to the LORD his God. 2He said: • “In my distress I called to the LORD, • and he answered me. • From the depths of the grave I called for help, • and you listened to my cry. • 3You hurled me into the deep, • into the very heart of the seas, • and the currents swirled about me; • all your waves and breakers swept over me. God’s discipline can seem very confusing. We need to turn before the desperation strikes.

  46. Jonah 2 • From inside the fish Jonah prayed to the LORD his God. 2He said: • “In my distress I called to the LORD, • and he answered me. • From the depths of the grave I called for help, • and you listened to my cry. • 3You hurled me into the deep, • into the very heart of the seas, • and the currents swirled about me; • all your waves and breakers swept over me. God’s discipline can seem very confusing. Too often, our hearts seek to justify our behavior.

  47. Jonah 2 • From inside the fish Jonah prayed to the LORD his God. 2He said: • “In my distress I called to the LORD, • and he answered me. • From the depths of the grave I called for help, • and you listened to my cry. • 3You hurled me into the deep, • into the very heart of the seas, • and the currents swirled about me; • all your waves and breakers swept over me. • 4I said, ‘I have been banished from your sight; Is there enough of a relational base for this to be bothersome?

  48. Jonah 2 • From inside the fish Jonah prayed to the LORD his God. 2He said: • “In my distress I called to the LORD, • and he answered me. • From the depths of the grave I called for help, • and you listened to my cry. • 3You hurled me into the deep, • into the very heart of the seas, • and the currents swirled about me; • all your waves and breakers swept over me. • 4I said, ‘I have been banished from your sight; • yet I will look again toward your holy temple.’ There is still hope in his mercy. No one is beyond restoration.

  49. Jonah 2 • 5The engulfing waters threatened me, • the deep surrounded me; • seaweed was wrapped around my head. • 6To the roots of the mountains I sank down; • the earth beneath barred me in forever. The results of running: fear claustrophobia looking silly shame hopelessness

  50. Jonah 2 • 5The engulfing waters threatened me, • the deep surrounded me; • seaweed was wrapped around my head. • 6To the roots of the mountains I sank down; • the earth beneath barred me in forever. The results of running: fear claustrophobia looking silly shame hopelessness

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