Helen C. Erickson

1. The University of Michigan PhD, Educational Psychology 1976 – 1984 MS, 1974-76; BSN, 1972-74 Activities and Societies: Sigma Theta Tau, Rho Chapter Saginaw General Hospital School of Nursing Diploma in Nursing, Nursing 1954 – 1957 Helen C. Erickson

2. Introduction Erickson's Modeling and Role Modeling Theory The Modeling and Role Modeling Theory was developed by Helen C. Erickson, Evelyn M. Tomlin, and Mary Anne P. Swain. It was first published in 1983 in their book Modeling and Role Modeling: a Theory and Paradigm for Nursing. The theory enables nurses to care for and nurture each patient with an awareness of and respect for the individual patient's uniqueness. This exemplifies theory-based clinical practice that focuses on the patient's needs(Helen C. Erickson, 2011).

3. History of Helen C. Erickson • Clinical Background • ER and Medical - Surgical Nursing • Director of Health Services; San German, Puerto Rico • Independent Psychiatric Nurse Consultant • Current Activities • Actively researching Modeling and Role-Modeling Theory • Professor Emeritus; University of Texas at Austin • Faculty Consultant for MRM; Various Schools of Nursing & Service Agencies • Board of Directors; American Holistic Nurses Certification Corporation (The Society for the Advancement of Modeling and Role Modeling, 2011).

4. Historical Background • Maslow's Theory of Human Needs was used to help label and articulate Helen Erickson's observations the unmet basic needs interfere with holistic growth whereas satisfied needs promote growth. • The MRM Theory was written over several years. Culmination of work published in the book, "Modeling and Role-Modeling: A Theory and Paradigm for Nursing", in 1983 (The Society for the Advancement of Modeling and Role Modeling, 2011).

5. Influence of Philosophy Helen Erickson credits Milton H. Erickson in the formulation of Modeling and Role-Modeling, when he told her to "Model the client's world, understand it as they do, then role-model the picture the client has drawn, building a healthy world for them."(The Society for the Advancement of Modeling and Role Modeling, 2011).

6. Influence of Philosophy • The Theory of Modeling and Role-Modeling enables the nurse to care for and nurture each client with an awareness of and respect for the individuals uniqueness. This type of care giving exemplifies theory-based clinical practice that focuses on the clients needs. Care is offered that recognizes that clients have the knowledge and the ability to understand what has made them sick, as well as what will make them well (Sappington & Kelley, 1996) • .

7. References • Helen C. Erickson. (2011). Retrieved from Nursing theory: http://nursing-theory.org/theories-and-models/erickson-modeling-and-role-modeling-theory.php • The Society for the Advancement of Modeling and Role Modeling. (2011, February 14). Retrieved from http://www.mrmnursingtheory.org/ • Sappington, J., & Kelley, J. (1996). Modeling and Re-Modeling Theory. Journal of Holistic Nursing, 130.