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The Age of Exploration

The Age of Exploration. Introduction. 1298, Marco Polo raised Europe’s interest in the gold, silk, and spices of Far East; Venice and Italy controlled the monopoly of trade with Far East; Spain and Portugal began to seek new routes using water sources to the Far East.

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The Age of Exploration

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  1. The Age of Exploration

  2. Introduction • 1298, Marco Polo raised Europe’s interest in the gold, silk, and spices of Far East; • Venice and Italy controlled the monopoly of trade with Far East; • Spain and Portugal began to seek new routes using water sources to the Far East.

  3. European Imperial Competition • Competition began between the large European nations; • Portugal, Spain, France, Italy, and England took the lead; • As time passed, they realized what material and strategic advantages the “New World” had to offer.

  4. Giovanni da Verrazano • Italian explorer that sailed under the French flag; • 1524 proved that the east coast of North America was not a series of islands; • Da Verrazano’s brother renamed the area Nova Gallia, which means New France.

  5. Cartier’s First Voyage • First voyage was in 1534; • Explore Newfoundland coast and its waters to the West; • Found no gold or spices; • Traded with the Iroquois; • Cartier took Donnacona’s two sons with him to France; • Report of infinite gold.

  6. Donnacona • Chief of the Iroquois; • Donnacona created a plot for Cartier to kidnap his rival Agona; • Cartier agreed but turned the plot to kidnap Donnacona himself; • Donnacona agreed to go peacefully for one year to France; • None of the kidnapped Iroquois would see home again; • All would die in France.

  7. Cartier’s Second Voyage • Second voyage had three ships with 110 men; • Reached Stadacona (Quebec City) on September 7, 1535; • Cartier kidnapped several Iroquois, including Donnacona himself; • The name ‘Kanata’ started appearing on maps after this time.

  8. Cartier’s Third Voyage • Arrived in Stadacona in May 1541; • Another harsh winter lay ahead of them; • The Iroquois distrusted Cartier on his third voyage; • Found large quantities of “gold and diamonds;” • Fifty years went by before France renewed its interest in New France.

  9. Conclusion • Despite his failures, Cartier established an important step in the formation of New France; • The first European to survey the coasts of the Gulf of St. Lawrence and to explore the St. Lawrence River; • He established that Newfoundland was an island; • He also inspired in the French a greater interest in New France.

  10. Questions… • Questions?

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