Lake & Coastline Hydrology Exam

1. Lake & Coastline Hydrology Exam Aquatic Science

2. 1. Which body of water has the greatest retention time? • Mississippi River • Lake Conroe • Seals Gully • Lake Superior • Lake Vostok

3. 2. When is water in a lake least mixed? • Spring • Summer • Fall • Winter

4. 3. When would a lake have its warmest water at its bottom? • Spring • Summer • Fall • Winter

5. 4. Here is a picture of Galveston Bay,TX. What best describes what Galveston Bay is? • River delta • Drowned river mouth • Drowned Glacial Valley • Coral Reef • Mangrove Bank

6. 5. Here is a map of Kenai Fjords, AK. What best describes it? • River delta • Drowned river mouth • Drowned Glacial Valley • Coral Reef • Mangrove Bank

7. 6. Where would gravity be the main mover of water? • Lake Baikal • Lake Conroe • Seals Gully • Lake Superior • Lake Vostok

8. 7. Here is a picture of one of the prettiest beaches in Texas, Fulton Beach along the Coastal Bend region. • Submergent? • Emergent?

9. 8. Why is this necessary for Galveston beaches? • The natural sand is too polluted from oil spills. • We are on an emergent coastline and losing shoreline due to wave erosion. • Sediment from the Mississippi goes the other way now. • Reservoirs in our rivers are blocking sediment flow, starving our beaches of new material.

10. 9. What is the main sculptor of this impressive coastline, located in Oregon? • Glaciers • Rivers • Coral Reefs • Volcanoes • Waves

11. 10. What has formed most of Canada’s lakes? • Glaciers • Volcanoes • Tectonic Rifting • Meteors

12. 11. The Aral Sea in Central Asia is a poster case for an environmental disaster. What caused it? • Extreme drought • Excessive rain • Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster • Breakup of the Soviet Union • Diversion of the lake’s two tributaries for irrigation.

13. 12. According to current thinking, Lake Vostok is most like…in its geology. • Lake Manicouagan, Quebec • Lake Malawi, Africa • Caspian Sea, Eurasia • Lake Titicaca, South America

14. 13. Here is South America’s most famous beach – Rio de Janeiro’s Ipanema. What kind of beach is it? • Marine Depositional • Wave Erosional • Glacier Erosional • Stream Erosional Need more help? Go to http://www.maplandia.com/brazil/minas-gerais/coronel-fabrici/ipanema/ for a Google Map image.

15. 14. During the Glacial Maximum of 18,000 years ago, what was dry land? • Pink • Green • Yellow • Pale Blue • All of the above

16. 15. Here is another beach in South America – the Chilean Fjords. Do these represent a (A) rise, or (B) fall in sea level? • 16. What is the major sculptor here? • Waves • Ice • Longshore Currents • Coral

17. 17. Here is a picture of El Capitan in Guadalupe Mountains National Park, TX – part of the world’s largest fossil reef. 250 million years ago, this was underwater. It was a(n)… • Volcanic coastline • Marine Depositional Coastline • Organic Coastline • Stream Depositional Coastline

18. 18. Here is Lighthouse Reef Atoll in Belize. What does this represent? • The beginning stages of a volcano • The remains of a volcanic island • A crater impact

19. 19. Here are the Florida Keys. What kind of coastline do they represent? • Wave Erosional • Stream Depositional • Marine Depositional • Organic Depositional

20. 20. With its limestone floor, Lake Okeechobee, FL, most likely formed from a… • Crater impact • Volcano • Earthquake • Sinkhole • Glacier

21. 21. Which landform was built up by longshore currents? A. B. C.

22. 22. Despite not being channelized or extensively modified, Armand Bayou looks very different today (R) than what it looked like in 1953 (L). What would be a reason for this? • Fall in sea – level • Subsidence • Wave Erosion • Stream Deposition

23. 23. Which lake would be considered to be oligotrophic? A • Lake Charlotte, TX • Reelfoot Lake, TN • Redfish Lake, FL • Crater Lake, OR B C D

24. 24. Which lakes were formed by a collision of tectonic plates?25. A rifting of tectonic plates? • Lake Titicaca, South America • Lake Baikal, Asia • Lake Tanganyika, Africa • Caspian Sea, Eurasia • Salton Sea, CA

25. 26. Which of these African lakes does NOT belong with the rest, being completely different in its geology? • Lake Chad • Lake Malawi • Lake Albert • Lake Tanganyika • Lake Victoria

26. 27. Which is NOT a major factor in moving water about in a lake? • Wind • Gravity • Temperature differences • Density differences

27. 28. Here is the famous Na Pali coast of Kauai, the oldest of Hawaii’s major islands. What kind of coastline would this be at present? • Organic • Marine Depositional • Wave Erosional • Volcanic Depositional

28. 29. The longest of its kind in the world, Padre Island is the prime example of a(n) _________ • Atoll • Barrier Island • Barrier Reef • Sea Stack

29. 30. Here is the last Hawaiian Island – ALL of it! Kure (pronounced Kor – ee) is a prime example of a(n) … • Seamount • Fringing Reef • Barrier Island • Atoll

30. 31-34. Identify the features in this picture of Rocher Percé, Quebec. 32. 33. 34. • Sea Arch • Sea Cave • Sea Stack • Headland • Island 31.

31. Rocher Percé – a closer look 34. 31, 32. 33.