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Lesson 1-8. Laboratory Math and Reagent Preparation. Overview. Laboratory reagents Chemical purity Laboratory reagent water Pipet use Safety Quality assessment Formulas for preparing solutions Making dilutions. Terms. Solution Solvent Solute Dilution. Common Laboratory Reagents.
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Lesson 1-8 Laboratory Math and Reagent Preparation
Overview • Laboratory reagents • Chemical purity • Laboratory reagent water • Pipet use • Safety • Quality assessment • Formulas for preparing solutions • Making dilutions
Terms • Solution • Solvent • Solute • Dilution
Common Laboratory Reagents • Disinfectants • Dilute acids • Stock solutions • Working solutions • Controls
Chemical Purity • Use reagent or analytical grade • Ultrapure sometimes required • Lower grades not used include: • Technical grade • Practical • Commercial
Laboratory Reagent Water • Types specified by CLSI • Made by further treatment of • Distilled water • Deionized water • Reverse osmosis water
Laboratory Reagent Water • CLSI – grades of water • Clinical Laboratory Reagent Water (CLRW) • Special reagent water • Instrument feed water • Autoclave and wash water • Commercially bottled purified water • See Table 1-34
Pipets • TD or TC • Volumetric pipets • Serological/graduated pipets
Pipetting Aids • Manual • Battery or electrical
Micropipetters • Advantages • Disposable tips • Adjustable volumes • Improved accuracy • Improved reproducibility
Safety • Chemical hazards • Consult MSDS • Biological hazards • biological controls • Physical hazards
Quality Assessment • Correct formulas • Correct calculations • Pipet techniques • Selection of labware • Reagent storage • Expiration dates • Test new reagents
Preparing Dilutions • Using proportion to make a dilution
Preparing Dilutions • Using a concentrate to make a dilute solution
Preparing Dilutions • Using ratios to prepare dilutions
Preparing Percentage Solutions • Weight/volume
Preparing Percentage Solutions • Volume/volume • Weight/weight
Preparing Molar Solutions • Molar (M) solution = moles solute per liter solution (mol/L) • Formula weight • Mole
Serial Dilutions • Two-fold dilution series