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STATISTICAL ANALYSIS FOR THE MATHEMATICALLY-CHALLENGED

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS FOR THE MATHEMATICALLY-CHALLENGED. Associate Professor Phua Kai Lit School of Medicine & Health Sciences Monash University (Sunway Campus, Malaysia) December 2012. How do you select an appropriate Statistical Test to analyse your data?.

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STATISTICAL ANALYSIS FOR THE MATHEMATICALLY-CHALLENGED

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  1. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS FOR THE MATHEMATICALLY-CHALLENGED Associate Professor Phua Kai Lit School of Medicine & Health Sciences Monash University (Sunway Campus, Malaysia) December 2012

  2. How do you select an appropriate Statistical Test to analyse your data? • Relax! This is easily done with the help of the following table: 

  3. Note: This table has been adapted from Table 37.1 “Selecting a Statistical Test” presented in the website http://www.graphpad.com

  4. Note: This table has been adapted from Table 37.1 “Selecting a Statistical Test” presented in the website http://www.graphpad.com

  5. Note: This table has been adapted from Table 37.1 “Selecting a Statistical Test” presented in the website http://www.graphpad.com

  6. After choosing your stats test …. • Input your data and run the stats test – here is an online site where you can run your stats test • www.graphpad.com/quickcalcs/index.cfm

  7. How to interprete the output from your chosen Stats Test (1) • 1. Look at the p-value : if the p-value is less than 0.05, it is statistically significant. You will then reject H0 and accept H1. If the p-value is less than 0.01, it is highly statistically significant. You will then reject H0 and accept H1. • Note: H0 is the “null hypothesis” and H1 is the “research hypothesis”. The null hypothesis is the hypothesis you wish to reject. It is usually stated in a negative manner, e.g. “no association between Variable X and Variable Y” (for the Chi-square test of association) or “no difference between Population Mean X and Population Mean Y” (for the t-test of difference between two means)

  8. How to interprete the output from your chosen Stats Test (2) • 2. Look at the 95% Confidence Interval (if it is in the output): • For Relative Risk analysis or Odds Ratio analysis (two kinds of stats tests used in epidemiology), reject H0 and accept H1 if the 95% Confidence Interval does not contain 1 • For the t-test of difference between two population means, reject H0 and accept H1if the 95% Confidence Interval does not contain 0 (zero)

  9. Additional Resources(to help you understand Statistics) • http://phuakl.tripod.com/biostatistics1.html • http://phuakl.tripod.com/biostatistics2.html • http://www.statsoft.com/textbook/elementary-statistics-concepts/button/1/

  10. Helpful books …… some written by me and my co-authors

  11. Thanks for watching ! (Love statistics, hate computers – when they fail to run )

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