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Ontology development in Protégé

Ontology development in Protégé. Overview. Components of an ontology The ontology development process Six basic steps Protégé Classes Properties. A development method. Determine domain and scope Consider re-using Enumerate important terms Define classes and class hierarchy

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Ontology development in Protégé

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  1. Ontology development in Protégé

  2. Overview • Components of an ontology • The ontology development process • Six basic steps • Protégé • Classes • Properties

  3. A development method • Determine domain and scope • Consider re-using • Enumerate important terms • Define classes and class hierarchy • Define properties of classes • Define characteristics of properties • Create individuals http://www-ksl.stanford.edu/people/dlm/papers/ontology-tutorial-noy-mcguinness.pdf

  4. Determine domain and scope • Basic questions • What is the domain the ontology will cover? • What are we going to use the ontology for? • For what types of questions should it provide answer? • Who will use and maintain it? • Competency questions • Which wine characteristics should I consider when choosing a wine? • Is Bordeaux a red or white wine? • What is the best choice of wine for grilled meat? • What were good vintages for Napa Zinfandel?

  5. Enumerate and hierarchy • Enumerate • Important terms (wine, grape, winery, location, colour, body, flavour, fish, red meat, etc.) • Don’t worry about • Overlap between terms • Relationships • Properties • Define class hierarchy • Look for “independent terms” • Top-down (wine; red, white, rosé) • Bottom-up (Muscadet Sèvre et Maine, Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire, Muscadet Côtes de Grandlieu; Muscadet) • Combined

  6. Properties & their characteristics • Several types of properties • Relationships to other classes (maker of the wine, grape it comes from) • Parts (Courses of a meal) • Simple properties (name, colour, flavour) • Properties are inherited by subclasses • Characteristics • Type (for simple properties) • Domains and ranges (winery produces a wine) • Restrictions • Universal and existential • Cardinality (how many of them)

  7. Protégé • Free, open source ontology editor • Allows generation, visualization, and manipulation of ontologies • We’ll be working with Protégé-OWL • Created ontologies can be accessed from Java programs through the Protégé-OWL API • Represents • Classes • Properties • Individuals

  8. Classes in Protégé • All classes are subclasses of Thing • Classes overlap by default! • Can use tools menu to create class hierarchies

  9. Properties in Protégé • Object or data type • Properties can have • Subproperties • Inverse properties

  10. Properties in Protégé • Properties can be • Functional • Transitive • Symmetric • Asymmetric • Reflexive • Irreflexive

  11. Domains and ranges • Axioms not constraints • Can lead to inconsistencies • Inverse properties are updated automatically

  12. A family tree ontology • Basic questions • What is the domain the ontology will cover? Family relations • What are we going to use the ontology for? Store family trees • For what types of questions should it provide answer? Queries about family members • Who will use and maintain it? NA • Competency questions • Is your uncle your ancestor? • Are Queen Elizabeth II and Phillip related? • Who is their common ancestor? • How many children did George V have?

  13. The family ontology • Develop • Enumerate important terms • Define classes and class hierarchy • Define properties of classes • Implement in Protégé • Create class hierarchy (disjoint classes?) • Create property hierarchy (characteristics, disjoint) • Establish domains and ranges

  14. Key points • Ontology elements • Classes • Properties • Individuals • Development steps • Determine domain and scope • Consider re-using • Enumerate important terms • Define classes and class hierarchy • Define properties of classes and their characteristics • Create individuals • Protégé allows the implementation of ontologies in an interactive way

  15. Resources • Protégé website: • http://protege.stanford.edu/ • Protégé tutorial • http://www.co-ode.org/resources/tutorials/ProtegeOWLTutorial-p4.0.pdf • Ontology development methodology • http://www-ksl.stanford.edu/people/dlm/papers/ontology-tutorial-noy-mcguinness.pdf • Sample ontologies • http://www.co-ode.org/ontologies/

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