Protective Equipment and Aircrew Training

1. Protective Equipment and Aircrew Training

2. Warm-Up Questions CPS Questions 1-2 Chapter 3, Lesson 2

3. Lesson Overview • The protective equipment used by pilots and astronauts • The function and use of flight simulators Chapter 3, Lesson 2

4. Quick Write How do you think a space suit protects astronauts from the vacuum of space? (Note to teacher: Use “Pick a Student” button in CPS) Chapter 3, Lesson 2 Courtesy of NASA

5. Pressurized Cabins • Combat physiological drawbacks at high altitude • Creates a protective bubble inside the cockpit and passenger cabin • Maintains a cabin pressure altitude of about 8,000 feet • Exchanges air inside the cabin for fresh air outside Chapter 3, Lesson 2 Reproduced from US Department of Transportation/Federal Aviation Administration

6. The System • Regulator • Outflow valve • Safety valve • Pressure relief valve • Vacuum relief valve • Dump valve Chapter 3, Lesson 2 Reproduced from US Department of Transportation/Federal Aviation Administration

7. If the System Fails • Explosive decompression—change in cabin pressure that takes place faster than the lungs can decompress • Rapid decompression likely won’t hurt the lungs • Main danger from decompression is hypoxia Chapter 3, Lesson 2

8. The Equipment • Containers hold oxygen under high pressure • Regulator supplies the flow of oxygen • Mask must be compatible with oxygen system • Cannula—device that administers oxygen Chapter 3, Lesson 2 Courtesy of USAF/TSgt Michael R. Holzworth

9. Oxygen Delivery Systems • Continuous-flow: works up to 28,000 feet • Diluter-demand: operates up to 40,000 • Pressure-demand: functions above 40,000 Chapter 3, Lesson 2

10. Learning Check Questions CPS Questions 3-4 Chapter 3, Lesson 2

11. Pressure Suits • Partial—covers most of the body and creates pressure to support life • No way to release heat and sweat, and were too heavy • Didn’t adequately protect the body • Full—covers the entire body • Built-in ventilation system • Astronauts and pilots also wear full-pressure suits Chapter 3, Lesson 2 Courtesy of NASA

12. Activity 1: How a Space Suit Works • Watch the NASA video “How It Works: Spacesuits” and answer the questions Chapter 3, Lesson 2

13. How It Works: Spacesuits Chapter 3, Lesson 2 Courtesy of NASA

14. Activity 2: Bending Under Pressure • Conduct the experiment and observe the effects of pressure • Answer the questions and provide your findings Chapter 3, Lesson 2

15. Emergency Equipment—Parachutes • Works by creating drag • Paratroopers sometimes use the static line • In an emergency, pilots generally use a parachute that doesn’t use a static line Chapter 3, Lesson 2 Courtesy of USAF/Amn Matthew R. Loken

16. Ejection Seats • Thrusts a pilot out of an aircraft in an emergency • If a pilot tries to escape a damaged fighter with only a parachute, he or she would be battling g-forces and windblast • Windblast can injure or even kill a pilot • G-forces can pin a pilot in place Chapter 3, Lesson 2 Courtesy of USAF/SSgt Bennie J. Davis III

17. Activity 3: Protective EquipmentAcademic Challenge • Review the section in the textbook on “The Protective Equipment Used by Pilots and Astronauts” • Answer questions in this “Family Feud” style activity Chapter 3, Lesson 2

18. Learning Check Questions CPS Questions 5-6 Chapter 3, Lesson 2

19. The Function and Use ofFlight Simulators • Military and civilian pilots use to train for many types of in-flight situations • National Transportation Safety Board uses when investigating accidents Chapter 3, Lesson 2 Courtesy of USAF/A1C Benjamin Wiseman

20. Altitude Chamber • Sealed room that reproduces a high-altitude environment • Helps a pilot get familiar with the warning signs of hypoxia Chapter 3, Lesson 2 Courtesy of USAF/SSgt Samuel Rogers

21. Barany Chair • Spinning device that demonstrates the hazards of spatial disorientation • Simulates aircraft maneuvers using the centrifugal effect • Train pilots to accurately read signals from the inner ear Chapter 3, Lesson 2 Courtesy of USAF/SSgt Samuel Rogers

22. The “Vomit Comet” • Astronauts train in simulated weightlessness in this aircraft • Each parabola—the roller coaster ride up and down—gives the astronauts-in-training about 25 seconds of near-weightlessness Chapter 3, Lesson 2 Reproduced from NASA/JSC

23. Centrifuges • Device that creates artificial gravity forces by spinning around a central point • The main reason for training is to prevent gravity-induced loss of consciousness, or G-LOC Chapter 3, Lesson 2 Courtesy of NASA

24. Learning Check Questions CPS Questions 7-8 Chapter 3, Lesson 2

25. Activity 4: Simulators and Flight Training • Create a presentation on a flight simulator or other device used for flight training • Conduct and investigate research and include a visual image of the product in use Chapter 3, Lesson 2

26. Summary • The protective equipment used by pilots and astronauts • The function and use of flight simulators Chapter 3, Lesson 2

27. Review Questions CPS Questions 9-10 Chapter 3, Lesson 2

28. Next…. • Done – protective equipment and air crew training • Next – navigational elements Chapter 3, Lesson 2 Reproduced from NASA