3- from lat. Aspect(or norma lateralis)

1. 3- from lat. Aspect(or norma lateralis) • Now we are descriping lateral view of skull or norma lateralis *This is temporal fossa is bounded by temporal line above and zygomatic arch from below. * the floor of temporal fossa is formed by 4 bones: frontal,pariteal,squamous temoral,greater wing of shpenoid * These 4 bones articulate with pterion which H-shaped suture .

4. Infratemporal fossa lies below zygomatic arch & behind maxilla • Infratemporal fossa contain important structure : - lat.& med. Pterygoid muscle - maxillary A. - Mandibualr N. - Pterygoid plexus & vien *This is external auditary meatus *This is mastoid process, it’s a part of temporal bone *This is styloid process, it’s a part of temporal bone.

8. 4-from post. Aspect(or norma occipitalis) • Now we are describing posterior aspect of skull OR norma occipitalis. • This aspect is formed by occipital bone • This surface presents External occipital crest which lies midway between lambda & foramen magnum. • External occipital protuberance. • On each side of it’s, there is sup. Nucheal line. • 1 cm above sup. Nucheal line, there is highest nucheal line.

11. Sphenoid bone This is sphenoid bone, It consists of body of sphenoid which enclose sphenoid sinus & has fossa for pituitary gland Anatomical features: * 2 greater wing _ floor of middle cranial fossa & present 3 foramina * 2 lesser wing. * 2 pterygoid process one on each side. Note : greater wing seperated lesser wing by sup. Orbital fissure