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Immigration. What was the Cold War?. Cold War : this term is used to describe the relationship between America and the Soviet Union 1946 to 1989.
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What was the Cold War? • Cold War : this term is used to describe the relationship between America and the Soviet Union 1946 to 1989. • Neither side ever fought the other directly, but they did ‘fight’ for their beliefs using client states who fought for their beliefs on their behalf • (South Vietnam=anticommunistAmerica & North Vietnam=pro-CommunistSoviet Union & China) • (AfghanistanAmericans supplied the rebel Afghans after the Soviet Union invaded in 1979) • (South Korean=anticommunistAmerica & North Korean=pro-communistSoviet Union & China)
Refugees Explode • WWII-1990: one out of every seven immigrants arrived as refugees. • 1960’s-the largest wave came from Cubans due to Fidel Castro’s Communist Government.
Refugees Explode • 1970’s & 1980’s: Southeast Asians fled in the wake of the Vietnam War chaos. • 1980’s: Eastern Europeans began to file in to the U.S. due to the disintegrating Soviet Union.
Refugees Explode • 1980 Refugee Act said that refugees did not have to compete for visas. • A refugee is a person who is outside his or her country of nationality and is unable or unwilling to return because of persecution or a well-founded fear of persecution.
US Immigration Legislation • 1952: McCarran-Walter Act reopened the doors of America for Asian immigrants. • 1965: Hart-Celler Act “allowed immediate relatives of American citizens and permanent resident aliens a higher preference standing than applicants with special job skills.”
US Immigration Legislation • 1986: Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) tried to close the “back door” of illegal immigration by imposing sanctions against those who employed undocumented aliens.