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Chapter 1 Section 2: The Beginning of Agriculture

Main Idea The development of agriculture was a major turning point in human history and significantly changed the way in which many people lived.. Reading Focus What new tools and technologies did early humans develop during the New Stone Age?How did early agriculture develop and spread?In wha

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Chapter 1 Section 2: The Beginning of Agriculture

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    1. Chapter 1 Section 2: The Beginning of Agriculture

    3. I. The New Stone Age The Neolithic Era - about 8000 BC to 3000 BC

    4. Advances in tool making defined the Neolithic Era I. The New Stone Age

    6. II. Development of Agriculture Last Ice Age ended about 10,000 years ago; new animals and plants like grains, appeared

    7. II. Development of Agriculture c.10,000 years ago - people learned to farm, became food producers - the Neolithic Revolution

    8. II. Development of Agriculture People gathered wild grains, learned connection between seeds and plants

    9. II. Development of Agriculture Domestication – selective growing/breeding of plants/animals; best traits were perpetuated

    10. II. Development of Agriculture First domesticated animals probably dogs; followed by cattle, sheep, etc.

    11. II. Development of Agriculture Domesticated plants and animals = reliable food source; large animals were put to work

    12. III. Agriculture Changes Society Reliable food supply resulted in world population increase

    13. III. Agriculture Changes Society Some people became nomadic pastoralists; others formed farming settlements

    14. A. Early Farming Societies Settlements grew into villages and towns

    15. A. Early Farming Societies Improved agriculture needed fewer workers; artisans/craftsmen appeared; trade increased

    16. A. Early Farming Societies Social status based on wealth, influence, and authority; men gained dominance over women

    17. A. Early Farming Societies Other changes: formalized religion; warfare over land/resources; crop failure meant famine; increased disease

    18. B. New Technologies Cattle pulled plows

    19. B. New Technologies New tools to prepare grains; clay pottery; wool spun into yarn; c. 3000 BC - the Bronze Age

    20. C. Catal Huyuk c. 6000 BC - largest Neolithic village: covered 30 acres, 5000 to 6000 people

    21. C. Catal Huyuk Farmed, raised animals; conducted wide-ranging trade

    22. D. Otzi the Iceman 1991 – hikers found a frozen 5300 year-old Neolithic man in Italy’s Alps

    23. D. Otzi the Iceman Otzi added great deal of information about Neolithic life

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