Democracy and Citizenship from 1900 - 1999

1. Democracy and Citizenship from 1900 - 1999 By Hannah Barrett

2. The 20th century was between 1900-1999. During the 20th century there were many changes in the way people lived as a result in changes in politics, ideology, economics, society, culture, science and technology. Many things changed and occurred like World War I and II and women and Aboriginal rights as well as construction and new technology was introduced. Some people recognise the 20th century as the best century because of all the new way of living introduced in the late 1900’s though other people disagree. 20th Century Telephone was invented

3. 1900 – 95 000 Aboriginal people were discriminated against by the Australian Government. They were taken from their land and put on reserves. 1901 – Australia became a federation. 1901 – The Commonwealth of Australia was created. 1901 – Aboriginal people were not counted. 1902 – Women were given the right to vote but Aboriginal people were still not allowed to vote. 1903 – Vida Goldstein became the first Australian women to nominate to stand for parliament. 1903 – Dunlop Tyre Co. made the first tyres in Australia. 1910 – The first Australian banknotes issued. 1915 – If an Aboriginal was a half cast they were allowed to vote. 1915 – ANZAC soldiers landed at Gallipoli in WWI. 1920 – Western Australia introduced the Group Settlement scheme, for British people to settle the west, giving them 100 hectares of free land. 1900 - 1920

4. In 1900 to 1920 trams were popular transport. Often people went to fairs for entertainment. Events like federation and federal elections took place and the Commonwealth of Australia was created in 1901. How the children lived Between 1900 and 1920 children were seen and not heard. Popular games that they played was cowboys and Indians, and cricket. Girls often played with dolls and boys played with toy cars. The magic pudding was a popular book written by Norman Lindsay and girls wore locks in their hair. 9/10 Australian children could read and write but only a few children went to high school. 9/10 children had tooth decay and the leaving age for school was 12. The boy scouts and girl guides movement began. How Aboriginal people were treated The Aboriginal people were not treated very well. Aboriginal children were taken from their parents after their birth and put into Missionary schools or put into foster homes. The Aborigines were unpaid labourers and there was approximately 95000 indigenous people living in Australia. Politics and Invasion The non-European immigration was prohibited under the white Australian policy. There was a fear of races and religions coming to Australia. They made Asians work for less money and they feared that the would want more. The first federal elections were held. 1900 - 1920

5. 1923 – Vegemite was created. 1930 – Don Bradman scored 452 no. in cricket. 1930 – Torris Strait Islander half casts were not allowed to vote. 1932 – The Sydney Harbour Bridge was opened. 1934 – The Woorabinda Aboriginal community sent a letter to the King regarding the restrictions on Aboriginal voting rights.( The King was King George the sixth). 1934 – Pacific Islanders were not allowed to vote. 1936 – January 1st – Torris Strait Islanders went on strike because they were unfairly treated. 1921 - 1940

6. In this time frame, children often played in the street and they ate bread and dripping. Free milk was introduced at schools and the milk bottles were always left out in the sun. Ginger Megs comics were very popular. During was boys made camouflage nets. 1921 - 1940

7. 1947 – British children were brought to Australia as cheap labour. 1949 – All residents of Australia who were British subjects became Australian citizens. 1949 – Aborigines who completed military service were allowed to vote. 1950 – Scouts bob a job movement began. 1950 – First community playgrounds built. 1956 – Melbourne Olympics. 1957 – NADOC is formed (National Aboriginal Day Observance Committee). 1960 – Aboriginal organizations formed to represent Australian Aboriginals. 1960 – Polio disease and Polio injections introduced and was wiped out by the 1960’s. 1941 - 1960

8. During this time children pretended to be Ned Kelly and the Kelly gang and girls pretended to be mums and dads. Boys sold and delivered papers and ice and you could leave school at the age of 15. Cars were killing or injuring more than 1000 Australian children per year. Children who were living at farms started coming to Australia in the far west movement. Children often wore no shoes and rode horses to school. Girls did sewing and knitting lessons and boys did woodwork. The Olso diet from Norway was introduced. Hula hoops were popular as well as skating and yoyos. Billy carts were popular, marbles and meccano sets. Barbie dolls and Ken was popular, also scooters, and pets. 1941 - 1960

9. 1961 – One People of Australia League was formed in Brisbane to represent Australian Aboriginals. 1961 – Vast iron ore deposits found in Pilbara. 1961 – Installation of the black box equipment on airplanes and became mandatory. 1962 – All Aboriginals were given the right to vote. 1962 – The Queensland Government established a committee to the promotion of Aboriginal well – being. 1962 – Aboriginal people were considered Australian citizens. 1962 – Snake antivenene developed by CSIRO. 1962 – The Australian ballet was founded. 1962 – Australian involvement in Vietnam was began. 1966 – Decimal currency was introduced. 1968 – Australia’s first heart transplant in St Vincent’s hospital – NSW. 1972 – Equal pay for women's judgment made in Arbitration commission. 1973 – Queen Elizabeth II opens Sydney Opera House. 1974 – Cyclone Tracy devastated Darwin. 1961 - 1980

10. 1981 – The first death of AIDS occurred. 1982 – Random breath testing in NSW introduced. 1984 – The $1 note was changed to a coin and the 100 note was introduced. 1984 – Advance Australia Fair became the National Anthem. 1986 – Moura mine explosion in QLD. 1988 – Efpost machines introduced across Australia. 1988 – 200 kg block of chocolate was made at Cadbury’s factory in Tasmania. 1989 – The Internet becomes available across Australia. 1989 - Newcastle earthquake leaving 12 dead. 1990 – First clean up Australia day. 1990 – Dr Carmen Lawrence became the first female state premier in WA. 1992 – Mabo decision granted Indigenous native title. 1992 – Bananas In Pyjamas begins. 1995 – Pay TV begins. 1981 - 1999