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LAKE EFFECT: Conceptual Model

LAKE EFFECT: Conceptual Model. LAKE EFFECT: Conceptual Model. LAKE EFFECT: Conceptual Model. LAKE EFFECT: Conceptual Model. <-North. South->. Narrow bands of heavy snow 2-15 miles wide, 10-100miles long. Lake Effect Bands: NW flow.

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LAKE EFFECT: Conceptual Model

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  1. LAKE EFFECT: Conceptual Model

  2. LAKE EFFECT: Conceptual Model

  3. LAKE EFFECT: Conceptual Model

  4. LAKE EFFECT: Conceptual Model <-North South-> Narrow bands of heavy snow 2-15 miles wide, 10-100miles long

  5. Lake Effect Bands: NW flow Bands oriented parallel to the mean wind from sfc to 850mb

  6. Lake Effect Bands: WSW flow SINGLE BAND MULTIPLE BANDS

  7. LAKE EFFECT: Surface pattern Cold Advection Canadian High TLAKE-T850mb>13C -”general” rule

  8. LAKE EFFECT: Surface pattern

  9. LAKE EFFECT: 500mb pattern 500mb Pattern

  10. LAKE EFFECT with Synoptic Support High RH is a good indicator of “Synoptic” support

  11. Buffalo Snow: Christmas 2001

  12. Buffalo Snow: Christmas 2001

  13. Buffalo Snow: Christmas 2001

  14. Lake-Effect?

  15. Lake-effect?

  16. WINTER WX: LAKE EFFECT • IMPORTANT ELEMENTS: • Right conditions can bring >3”/hour rates • Caused by cold air over warm lake (Tlake-T850mb>13C) • 850mb T’s < -7C, If warmer -> rain • Bands // to mean wind from sfc to 850mb • Longer fetch -> more intense the snow • Need ~40 mi. of fetch, over 120mi.can bring intense snows • Single bands: more intense, wind // to long axis of lake • Multiple bands: less intense, wind // to shorter axis of lake • Low vertical wind shear is favorable • Best events have synoptic-scale support • Approaching 500mb shortwave • “lifts inversion” ->> deeper convection • 700mb RH >70% …. Good indicator of synoptic support • Distance inland: multiply 850mb wind speed by ~1.5

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