CS 3724 Introduction to Human Computer Interaction

1. CS 3724Introduction to Human Computer Interaction

2. Universal Access

3. Universal Access • Problem Space • Users with disabilities • Computers with disabilities • Solution Space • Reaching across technological divides • Complying with ADAA • Assistive Technologies

4. Universal Access • Problem Space • Users with disabilities • Computers with disabilities • Solution Space • Reaching across technological divides • Complying with ADA • Assistive Technologies

6. A few human conditions that make using computers a bit difficult or impossible broken arm, visual impairment, birth defects, Lou Gehrig's Disease (ALS), arthritis, carpal tunnel, cerebral palsy, cognitive / learning disabilities, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, hearing impairment, dyslexia, autism, color blindness, sprained wrist, lost glasses/contacts, attention-deficit disorder

10. Universal Access • Problem Space • Users with disabilities • Computers with disabilities • Solution Space • Reaching across technological divides • Complying with ADA • Assistive Technologies

11. A few technology conditions that make using computers a bit difficult or impossible mismatched OS, no internet connection, browser implements html in peculiar way, noisy phone line, limited colors, limited font set, lack of electricity, too complicated to learn

12. Universal Access • Problem Space • Computers with disabilities • Users with disabilities • Solution Space • Reaching across technological divides • Complying with ADA • Assistive Technologies

13. Reaching across technological divides • Problem: user began using Mac OS in 1985 and doesn’t want to change • A possible solution: customizable UI

14. Reaching across technological divides • Problem: website needs to serve users with old, poorly-supported computers • A possible solution: use “standard” design • HTML-only • 256 colors • Font: arial or times • Maybe text-only!

15. Reaching across technological divides • Problem: need to browse the internet but unreliable electricity, erratic and noisy phone lines, no internet • A possible solution: paper user interface • FAX server sends web page • Circle underlined item • FAX back • Receive linked page

16. Universal Access • Problem Space • Users with disabilities • Computers with disabilities • Solution Space • Reaching across technological divides • Complying with ADA • Assistive Technologies

17. Complying with ADA What is the Americans with Disabilities Act? Reasonable accommodation is any modification or adjustment to a job or the work environment that will enable a qualified applicant or employee with a disability to participate in the application process or to perform essential job functions. Reasonable accommodation also includes adjustments to assure that a qualified individual with a disability has rights and privileges in employment equal to those of employees without disabilities.

18. Universal Access • Problem Space • Computers with disabilities • Users with disabilities • Solution Space • Reaching across technological divides • Complying with ADA • Assistive Technologies

19. Assistive Technologies • Mac OS X and Win XP

20. Assistive Technologies • A sample list (from the Mishawaka, IN public library): • ZoomText • JAWS for Windows • Kurzweil 1000 • Kurzweil 3000 • Hands Off • Dragon Naturally Speaking

23. Assistive Technologies • Problem: dyslexia • A possible solution: RSVP Rapid

24. Assistive Technologies • Problem: dyslexia • A possible solution: RSVP Serial

25. Assistive Technologies • Problem: dyslexia • A possible solution: RSVP Visual

26. Assistive Technologies • Problem: dyslexia • A possible solution: RSVP Presentation

27. Assistive Technologies • Problem: learning disability • A possible solution: early childhood toys

28. Assistive Technologies • Problem: user can only manage special buttons • A possible solution: xkeys • On/off to USB connector

29. Assistive Technologies • Problem: unable to use hands • A possible solution: head mouse

30. Assistive Technologies • Problem: people with alzhiemers often forget routine tasks • A possible solution: a memory mirror • “reflects” if person fed the cat and the goldfish • Georgia Tech project • RF tagged pet food • Also set to alert family/friends

31. Assistive Technologies • Problem: deaf and blind student • A possible solution: C-Print/JAWS/BrailleNote • “Captionist” types a written transcript of what is said in class • Displayed in Braille on a Braille laptop called the BrailleNote. • When used with C-Print captioning, information is 'fed' into Jaws (a screen-reading software) and sent to the Braille Note, rather than being spoken.  • User can fully participate in class: unfamiliar names or vocabulary are accessible; can follow a class or group discussion more easily since who is speaking and when is known.

32. Universal Access • Problem Space • Users with disabilities • Computers with disabilities • Solution Space • Reaching across technological divides • Complying with ADAA • Assistive Technologies

33. How much is enough?

34. How low should the lowest common denominator be?

35. How do you decide what is the right thing to do?

36. For next time… • Extra Credit Opportunity! • Team Project, due next week: User Testing • Next lecture: scenario-based design, review and reflections