Technical Implementation for Chinese domain name

Technical Implementation for Chinese domain name TWNICFeb 27 2001

Technical solution • Server side • DNS-Bind 8.2.3 • Proxy server-Squid 2.3 • Web server-Apache 1.3 • Dns gateway • Sendmail • Client side • download software for PC resolver(if need) • E-mail client(Web mail)

C-Bind • Bind8.2.3 • 8-bit Clean: strncasecmp function support 2 bytes code (2nd Byte case sensitive) • hash function(2 bytes code 2nd Byte case sensitive) • src/bin/named/db_lookup.c  nlookup() • src/bin/named/db_glue.c  nhash() • src/bin/named/ns_parseutil.c  symbol_hash() • Read Correct Code range when read files • src/lib/resolv/res_comp.c

CSquid(squid proxy server) • Squid 2.3-stable3 • Squid 2.3-stable4 • support Chinese URL • handle ‘@’

CApache(apache web server) • Apache 1.3.12 • Apache 1.3.17 • modify src/main/http_vhost.c • Support Chinese URL • Support Chinese virtual host

Why DNS Gateway • TWNICsupport these zone file(66) • 台灣(Big5、UTF8、GB、UTF8、UTF5) • 商業、網路、組織、教育(*5) • 商業.台灣、網路.台灣、組織.台灣、教育.台灣(*5) • 商業.TW、網路.TW、組織.TW、教育.TW(*5) • .TW(*1) • “.中國”only UTF-8 encoding

DNS Gateway 2 網頁.教育部.台灣(UTF8) .台灣(UTF8/Big5) DNS 6 網頁.教育部.台灣(UTF8) 4 5 1 網頁.教育部.台灣(Big5) 7 網頁.教育部.台灣(Big5) 網頁.教育部.台灣(UTF8) 教育部.台灣(Big5) Winmdow2000user

The function of DNS Gateway • Combined with DNS • On-line translate • Can reply SOA and NS query(Change NS to itself under a domain) • Support recursive query • Follow root tree structure

Chinese E-mail address • Sendmail or Exchange server follow RFC • RFC821、RFC822(Email header 7 bits) • RFC1034、RFC1035(only accept A-Z,a-z,0-9,-) • Most mail client can not support Chinese E-mail address

Mail use ‘@’ as delimiter for username and hostname • Some Chinese character second byte is ‘@’ • It don’t work unless the both side of mail server support Chinese E-mail address

Mail Server • ‘\’ • It will be striped when the second byte of Chinese character is ‘\’ • ‘@’ • Some Chinese character will collision with the ‘@’ of e-mail address • Case sensitive in the second byte of Chinese character • Chinese username

Web mail • web mail can handle Chinese E-mail address • web mailis independ with Chinese DNS • web mail has some bugs in handle Chinese Character • ‘\’ • ‘|’

Download client software • Download is not necessary • Replace winsock32.dll • Change to ACE encoding for passthrough the firewall • Support other encoding like clean 8-bit, UTF8 • Can handle these TLD • xxx.tw, xxx.cn • xxx.(台灣)big5, xxx.(中國)big5 • xxx.(台灣)GBK, xxx.(中國)GBK • Can handle ‘\’ • Support http,telnet,ftp… • Support Windows 95/98,NT,2000

Roaming RoamingDNSGateway ML DNS query Webproxy DNS Webserver (compatible to English domain name) Zone:MLDomain Big5Client GB Web

Roaming • It can pass through firewall without download client software • On-line translate Traditional/Simplified Chinese domain name to query DNS server • The web server is not require to support Chinese domain name • It can support partial matching of domain name for selecting

Question • Zone files have too many encoding type and hard to read • It is difficult to ask system manager upgrade these AP to support Chinese handling • Commercial proxy server、web server、firewall are still not support Chinese domain name • Both side of Mail server must support Chinese domain name and Chinese username if user want to exchange mail with Chinese E-mail address

Question • Browser will change URL encoding follow these web page encoding • When the second byte of Chinese character is ‘@’ or Chinese character like oxc4XX、0xd7XX,browser treat them with different meaning • Microsoft have a patch to solve it • Most mail clients can not accept e-mail address with Chinese character input

Technical Implementation for Chinese domain name