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Computer Architecture and Organization 55:035. Midterm Exam Review Spring 2011. General Information. 1 hour exam - open book, open notes Six problems No Verilog. Chapter 1 – Structure of Computers. Computer types Functional units Basic operational concepts Bus Structures Software
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Computer Architecture and Organization55:035 Midterm Exam Review Spring 2011
General Information • 1 hour exam - open book, open notes • Six problems • No Verilog
Chapter 1 – Structure of Computers • Computer types • Functional units • Basic operational concepts • Bus Structures • Software • Performance • Basic performance equation • ISA: CISC vs. RISC
Chapter 2 – Machine Instructions & Programs • Information representation • 2’s complement negative numbers • Memory locations & addresses • Byte addressability • Big endian vs. little endian • Word alignment • Memory operations
Chapter 2 (cont.) • Instructions and sequencing • Addressing modes • Assembly language • Basic I/O operations • Stacks and Queues • Subroutines
Chapter 3 – ARM, 68000, IA32 ISAs • For each CPU: • Basic organization, registers, memory access • Addressing modes
Chapter 6 - Arithmetic • Signed number addition/subtraction • Fast adders: carry-lookahead, carry-select • Multiplication • Booth’s algorithm • Bit pair recoding • Carry-save addition of partial products • Integer division; restoring & nonrestoring • Floating point representation and operations
Chapter 7 – Basic Processing Unit • Fundamental concepts • Register transfers • Instruction fetch and execution • Instruction types • Point-to-point vs. multiple bus organization • Hardware control • Micro-programmed control