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Catalyst

Objectives. Catalyst. I can calculate the concentration of a solution in grams/liter and molarity . If told the desired concentration of a solution, I can measure the proper amounts of solute and solvent.

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Catalyst

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  1. Objectives Catalyst • I can calculate the concentration of a solution in grams/liter and molarity. • If told the desired concentration of a solution, I can measure the proper amounts of solute and solvent. • A 12 oz. can of soda contains about 40 grams of sugar. That is about 10 sugar cubes. Why do we not see sugar cubes floating in our soda? Use the terms solution, solute, and solvent in your answer. Agenda • Catalyst • Concentration Demonstration • Notes: Calculating concentration • Mini-Lab: solution concentration • Exit Slip

  2. What is Concentration? • Solutions are described by concentrations • Concentration refers to how much solute is dissolved in a given amount of solvent. Dissolved particles Low concentration High concentration

  3. Concentration Demonstration • The four solutions on the counter were made by adding red food coloring to water. • On your notes, draw diagrams of the four food coloring solutions in order from lowest concentration to highest concentration. • Think, Pair, Share: Explain how you ranked the solutions to the person next to you.

  4. Concentration There are many ways to describe the concentration of a solution. 1. Grams per Liter 2. Molarity 3. Parts Per Million (PPM) 4. Percent Composition Today we are learning how to calculate grams per liter and molarity.

  5. Converting Volume Volume = Liter How do you change mL to L? Milliliter (mL)= 0.001 Liters (L) move decimal 3 spaces to the LEFT Ex.: 500mL = 0.500L

  6. Calculating Solution Concentrations • Grams per Liter = the number of grams of solute in one liter of solution. g/L = # grams solute 1 liter of solution

  7. M = mol L Calculating Solution Concentrations • One common unit of concentration is Molarity, which is defined as moles of solute per liter of solution Molarity = moles of solute 1 liter of solution Equation

  8. M = mol L 1. Calculating Simple Molarity 2 liter • Example: What is the molarity of 5 mol of H2SO4 dissolved in 2 liter of water? 5 mol M = 2 L M = 2.5 M

  9. M = mol L 2.Calculating Moles or Liters from Molarity • Example: • How many liters are required to make a 0.5 M solution with 8 mol of HCl? 8 mol 0.5 M = xL 1 xL 0.5 M x = 8 mol 0.5 M 0.5 M xL = 16 L

  10. Practice • How many liters are required to make a 2.5 M solution with 5 mol of HCl?

  11. 3. Calculating Molarity from grams 500 mL • Example: What is the molarity of 120 grams of NaOH dissolved in 500 mL of water? 1. 2. Na: 22.99 g 500 mL = 0.500 L O: 16.00 g + 1.01 g H: 40.00 g 40 g 3. M = 3 mol 1 mol NaOH = 0.500 L 120 g 1 mol 3 mol = M =6 M 40 g

  12. Practice! • Find the molarity of 4 mol of NaBr in 10 liters • Find the molarity of 72 g of HCl in 500 mL of solution

  13. Practice • Solve these molarity problems • How many liters of solution are required to make a 2.0 M solution with 10 mol of H2SO4? • What is the molarity of 58 grams of NaCl in 250 mL of solution

  14. Exit Slip • What is the molarity of 2 moles of salt dissolved in 4 Liters of water? • If I have 3000mL of a 2M salt solution, how many moles of solute must I have started with?

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