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What do you remember about DNA? Think about…. Structure Function Building blocks Base-pairing

D.N.A Objective: SWBAT review the role of DNA and RNA in order to explain the the relationship between genes and protein. What do you remember about DNA? Think about…. Structure Function Building blocks Base-pairing. CONGRATULATIONS!. 1A Average: Summa Cum Laude: Magna Cum Laude:.

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What do you remember about DNA? Think about…. Structure Function Building blocks Base-pairing

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  1. D.N.AObjective: SWBAT review the role of DNA and RNA in order to explain the the relationship between genes and protein • What do you remember about DNA? • Think about…. • Structure • Function • Building blocks • Base-pairing

  2. CONGRATULATIONS! • 1A Average: • Summa Cum Laude: • Magna Cum Laude: 87% Nathaniel, Da’Quan Dontashia, Tabitha

  3. CONGRATULATIONS! • 2A Average: • Summa Cum Laude: • Magna Cum Laude: 83% Ayanna, Danielle Holmes, Breahn, Carlos, Kayla Melissa, Kristina, Danielle Harley, JP, Cindy, Rodney, Paris, DeJohn

  4. Structure The structure of DNA is called a … Double Helix

  5. Function What is the function of DNA? (what is it’s job?) To store and transmit genetic information Where is the DNA located in the cell? The nucleus!

  6. Building Blocks What are the building blocks of DNA? Nucleotides What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide? Deoxyribose sugar Phosphate Group Nitrogen-Containing Base

  7. Base-Pairing What are the 4 bases found in DNA? Thymine Adenine Cytosine Guanine What base pairs with what? T = A C = G

  8. Suppose you want to design and build a house. How would you communicate your design plans with the construction crew that would work on the house?

  9. DNA vs. RNA How do we make proteins from DNA?

  10. How does DNA express our genes? • The process of taking instructions from DNA and making proteins is genetic expression PROBLEM! DNA cannot leave the nucleus of the cell…..but we need to build the proteins OUTSIDE the nucleus… What are some possible solutions?

  11. The Solution • A copy of a piece of DNA is made that can travel outside of the nucleus • To do this, the cell uses RNA

  12. DNA vs. RNA Similarities: DNA and RNA are both nucleic acids made of __________________ Differences: nucleotides ribose deoxyribose 2 double stranded single stranded A – Uracil G – C A – T G – C

  13. Protein Synthesis (TO MAKE, BUILD) • Our bodies need proteinsin order to function correctly. There are two cellular processes in charge of making proteins: • Transcription: Using DNA to make mRNA (Messenger RNA) • Translation: Using mRNA to make proteins 01. ________ 02. ___________ 03. __________ 04. _____________ 05. ___________ DNA mRNA Protein TRANSLATION TRANSCRIPTION

  14. Transcription: DNA is made into mRNA. • Occurs in the nucleus. • mRNA (messenger RNA) is copy of DNA that will leave the nucleus to take the instructions out to a ribosome

  15. Practice with Transcription • Let’s practice transcription! I’ll give you one strand of DNA, and you complete the complementary strand of RNA. • (Remember, in RNA replace T with U) • DNA strand: ATT AGG CCG GAT TAG CCT ATT • RNA strand: UAA UCC G

  16. LET’S PRACTICE! • If the DNA strand was A C T G A C T A, the mRNA sequence would be ____________________. • If the DNA strand was G C A C C T A T, the mRNA sequence would be ____________________. • If the mRNA was A U U A A G C A, the DNA strand would be ___________________. • If the mRNA strand was G G C C G U A A, the DNA strand would be __________________. U G A C U G A U C G U G G A U A T A A T T C G T C C G G C A T T

  17. Let’s Practice • Take 5 minutes to complete the practice problems • Compare answers with partner

  18. Check for Understanding What is the first step in creating proteins? • Transcription What organelle does it take place in? • Inside the nucleus During this transcription, DNA is made into ____ • mRNA Why does DNA need to be “transcribed into mRNA? • So that the instructions can leave the nucleus When converting DNA into an RNA strand, thymine is replaced with _________ • Uracil (U)

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